Human Albumin ELISA Kit（白蛋白ALB

Introduction
Albumin, a serum hepatic protein, is the most abundant protein in serum. It contributes to the maintenance of oncotic pressure as well as the transport of hydrophobic molecules (1). Serum albumin level has been linked in clinical practice to several diseases. Low albumin levels can suggest liver disease (2), kidney disease (3), inflammation (4), shock (5), and malnutrition (6). On the other hand, high albumin levels usually reflect dehydration (7).

Principle of the Assay
The AssayMax Human Albumin ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit is designed for detection of human albumin in urine, saliva, milk, and cell culture samples. This assay employs a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique that measures human albumin in less than 3 hours. A polyclonal antibody specific for human albumin has been pre-coated onto a 96-well microplate with removable strips. Albumin in standards and samples is sandwiched by the immobilized polyclonal antibody and biotinylated polyclonal antibody specific for human albumin, which is recognized by a streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate. All unbound material is then washed away and a peroxidase enzyme substrate is added. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

白蛋白（又称清蛋白，albumin，Alb）是由肝实质细胞合成，在血浆中的半寿期约为15-19天，是血浆中含量最多的蛋白质，占血浆总蛋白的40%-60%。其合成率虽然受食物中蛋白质含量的影响，但主要受血浆中水平调节，在肝细胞中没有储存，在所有细胞外液中都含有微量的白蛋白。关于白蛋白在肾小球中的滤过情况，一般认为在正常情况下其量甚微，约为血浆中白蛋白的0.04%，按此计算每天从肾小球滤过液中排出的白蛋白即可达3.6g，为终尿中蛋白质排出量的30-40倍，可见滤过液中多数白蛋白是可被肾小管重新吸收的。有实验证实白蛋白在近曲小管中吸收，在小管细胞中被溶酶体中的水解酶降解为小分子片段而进入血循环。白蛋白可以在不同组织中被细胞内吞而摄取，其氨基酸可被用为组织修补。