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        生命细胞相关

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        773
        Word Definition Topic
        active transport the process by which dissolved molecules (solutes) move across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration Life processes and cells
        Aerobic respiration respiration that requires oxygen Life processes and cells
        Anaerobic respiration respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen Life processes and cells
        antibodies proteins produced by the body's immune system that attack foreign invaders (antigens) Life processes and cells
        bacteria single-celled micro-organisms, some of which are pathogenic in humans, animals and plants. Singular is bacterium Life processes and cells
        bivalent Having two chromosomes - one from the male gamete and one from the female gamete. Life processes and cells
        cell Basic unit of life. Unicellular organisms only have one cell. Multicellular organisms have many cells. Life processes and cells
        chloroplasts microscopic structures containing chlorophyl found in green plant cells where photosynthesis takes place Life processes and cells
        chloroplasts tiny bodies found in plant cells which are green because they contain chlorophyll Life processes and cells
        chromatid One of two daughter strands of a replicated chromosome Life processes and cells
        chromatids Two daughter strands of a replicated chromosome Life processes and cells
        concentration gradient a difference in concentration between two adjacent areas. Particles will move down the concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Life processes and cells
        cytoplasm the living substance inside a cell (not including the nucleus) Life processes and cells
        dendrites branch-like extensions of a neurone or nerve cell which receive impulses from other neurones Life processes and cells
        diffusion The movement of particles (molecules or ions) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Life processes and cells
        epidermis the outer protective layer of the skin Life processes and cells
        genes basic units of genetic material that are inherited from our parents. Life processes and cells
        haemoglobin the red protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen round the body Life processes and cells
        ileum the longest part of the small intestine, where food is completely digested. Life processes and cells
        invaginates during cell division, the squeezing-in of the cell membrane at the equator to separate daughter nuclei Life processes and cells
        invagination a stage in cell division, in which the cell membrane pushes in at the equator to separate the two daughter nuclei Life processes and cells
        kinetic energy energy produced through motion Life processes and cells
        membrane a very thin layer of tissue Life processes and cells
        microscopic extremely small; something which can only be seen through a microscope Life processes and cells
        mitochondria structures in the cytoplasm of all cells where respiration takes place. Singular is mitochondrion Life processes and cells
        mitosis A type of cell division which produces daughter cells identical to the parent. Life processes and cells
        molecules a collection of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. The fundamental unit of compounds Life processes and cells
        multicellular having more than one cell Life processes and cells
        nucleus the center of a cell where genetic information is usually stored. Life processes and cells
        offspring A new human, animal or plant that is created as a result of reproduction. Life processes and cells
        organ Group of tissues doing a particular job between them, eg the heart. Life processes and cells
        organ system Group of organs doing a particular job between them, eg the circulatory system. Life processes and cells
        organelle Microscopic structure which does a particular job in a cell, eg the nucleus Life processes and cells
        organism a living being - plant, animal, fungus or bacterium. Life processes and cells
        osmosis the movement of water molecules across a semi permeable membrane down a concentration gradient Life processes and cells
        partially permeable allowing some particles to pass through but not others Life processes and cells
        photosynthesis the chemical change that occurs in the leaves of green plants that uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose. Oxygen is produced as a by product of photosynthesis. Life processes and cells
        recombinant DNA which has been exchanged between chromosomes during meiosis - part paternal genetic material, part maternal. Life processes and cells
        replication Production of an identical copy. Life processes and cells
        spindle fibres Fibres produced during cell division. They contract to drag chromatids to the poles of the cell. Life processes and cells
        tissue Group of cells of the same type doing a particular job, eg the blood (a liquid tissue) Life processes and cells
        unicellular having only one cell Life processes and cells
        vacuoles a space within the cytoplasm of plant cells that contains cell sap Life processes and cells
        valves structures containing a flap or flaps to ensure one-way flow of liquid Life processes and cells
        villi minute hair-like projections which cover the lining of the small intestine. They aid digestion by greatly enlarging the gut's surface area Life processes and cells
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