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        Immunohistochemical Analysis of Adhesion Molecules in Airway Biopsies

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        600
        Adhesion molecules are receptors found on the surface of leukocytes and endothelial cells, which bind to their ligands, either on other cells or on the extracellular matrix. The function of adhesion molecules is to allow leukocytes to interact with other hemopoetic cells or with foreign antigens (Ags) in the blood, to transiently adhere to the vascular endothelium, to migrate between endothelial cells and through the basement membrane into the surrounding tissue, and to adhere to the epithelium. There are three main groups of adhesion molecules: the integrins, immunoglobulin (Ig) supergene family, and the selectins: These are summarized in Table 1 (1 7 ).
        Table 1  Summary of Adhesion Molecules

        Group

        CD number

        Name

        Expressed on

        Ligand

        Integrins

        CD 49a

        VLA-1

        T lymphocytes, fibroblasts, basement membrane

        Laminin, collagen

        B1 very late antigens

        CD 49b

        VLA-2

        Activated T lymphocytes, platelets, fibroblasts, endothelium, epithelium

        Collagen, laminin

         

        CD 49c

        VLA-3

        Epithelium, fibroblasts

        Laminin, collagen, fibronectin

         

        CD 49d

        VLA-4

        Leukocytes, fibroblasts

        VCAM-1, fibronectin

         

        CD 49e

        VLA-5

        Leukocytes, platelets, epithelium

        Fibronectin

         

        CD 49f

        VLA-6

        T lymphocytes, platelets

        Laminin

        B2 leukocyte integrins

        CD 11a

        LFA-1

        Leukocytes

        ICAM-1, ICAM-2, ICAM-3

         

        CD 11b

        Mac-1

        Macrophages, monocytes, granulocytes

        ICAM-1, fibrinogen, C3bi

         

        CD 11c

        p150.95

        Macrophages, monocytes, granulocytes

        Fibrinogen, C3bi

        IG Supergene family

        CD 54

        ICAM-1

        Endothelium, leukocytes, epithelium

        LFA-1 Mac-1

         

        CD 102

        ICAM-2

        Endothelium, leukocytes

        LFA-1

         

        CD 106

        VCAM-1

        Endothelium, dendritic cells, tissue macrophages

        VLA-4

        Selectins

        CD 62E

        E selectin

        Endothelium

        Sialyl Lewis x

         

        CD 62P

        P selectin

        Platelets, endothelium

        Sialyl Lewis x

         

        CD 62L

        L selectin

        Leukocytes

        Mannose-6-P, fructose-6-P

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