Activation of SAPKs/JNKs and p38s In Vitro

Anisomycin (6 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

All cells

1–10 μg/mL, 1–60 min

UV-C (12 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

All adherent cells

40 J/m² , 20 s^-1

Drain medium from cells, and wash with PBS before exposure.

γ Radiation (13 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

All cells (see comments)

10–20 gy, 137Cs source at 0.76 gy/min

This is controversial and has not been replicated in some laboratories. After treatment, wait between 20 min and 4 h before harvest.

cis platinum (CDDP) or cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) (13 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

All cells

50–300 μM , 2–6 h

Methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) (13 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

All cells

1 mM , 3 h

Oxidant stress (H₂ O₂ )(9 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

All cells

2–20 mM , 2–60 min

TNF (6 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

HepG2, CCD18-CO, HEK293, COS, U937, HL-60, Jurkat, L929, HeLa, primary thymocytes or hepatocytes

2–100 ng/mL, 1–60 min

Try to pick a cell type in which TNF is known to induce a biologic effect.

IL-1 (6 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

EL-4, HepG2, Jurkat, HL-60, KB

2–100 ng/mL, 1–60 min

Try to pick a cell type in which IL-is known to induce a biologic effect.

Endothelin (14 , 15 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

Endothelial, mesangial, pulmonary fibroblast, vascular smooth muscle, cardiomyocyte

10–200 nM , 2–60 min

Try to pick a cell type in which endothelin is known to induce a biologic effect.

Angiotensin II (14 )

SAPK/JNK

Endothelial, mesangial, pulmonary fibroblast, vascular smooth muscle, cardiomyocyte,

20–500 nM , 2–60 min

Try to pick a cell type in which the type II antiotensin II receptor is expressed and in which angiotensin II is known to induce a biologic effect.

Ischemia/reperfusion (16 )

SAPK/JNK, p38

Kidney, heart, brain

40 min ischemia, 2–120 min reperfusion

SAPK/JNK is activated only during reperfusion.