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        【求助】要做DGGE,真菌有没有通用引物?

        丁香园论坛

        3728
        如题,细菌做DGGE一般是用16S,真菌的有没有,ITS还是18S,GC夹要用什么,加在哪里,上游引物前还是下游引物前?我找过很多文献都没有找到完整的,如果能给出序列(包含GC夹)或者给出相应文献,丁当就奉送。
        FUNGI - UNIVERSAL          
                   
        Name Region Fragment Size Sequence (5' to 3') Reference  
        ITS1 18S 570–590 TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG White et al. 1990  
        ITS4 28S TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC  
        ITS5 18S 315 GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG White et al. 1990  
        ITS2 5.8S GCTGCGTTCTTCATCGATGC  
        NS1 18S 1100 GTAGTCATATGCTTGTCTC White et al. 1990  
        NS4 18S CTTCCGTCAATTCCTTTAAG  
        NS1 18S 1400 GTAGTCATATGCTTGTCTC White et al. 1990  
        NS6 18S GCATCACAGACCTGTTATTGCCTC  
        NS5 18S 700 AACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGAAG White et al. 1990  
        NS8 18S TCCGCAGGTTCACCTACGGA  
        NS5 18S 310 AACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGAAG White et al. 1990  
        NS6 18S GCATCACAGACCTGTTATTGCCTC  
                   
                   
        White T. J., T. Bruns, S. Lee and J. Taylor, in PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods And Applications, ed. M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, T. J. White, Academic Press, San Diego, 1990, pp. 315–322.          
        zjubell wrote:
        FUNGI - UNIVERSAL          
                   
        Name Region Fragment Size Sequence (5' to 3') Reference  
        ITS1 18S 570–590 TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG White et al. 1990  
        ITS4 28S TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC  
        ITS5 18S 315 GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG White et al. 1990  
        ITS2 5.8S GCTGCGTTCTTCATCGATGC  
        NS1 18S 1100 GTAGTCATATGCTTGTCTC White et al. 1990  
        NS4 18S CTTCCGTCAATTCCTTTAAG  
        NS1 18S 1400 GTAGTCATATGCTTGTCTC White et al. 1990  
        NS6 18S GCATCACAGACCTGTTATTGCCTC  
        NS5 18S 700 AACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGAAG White et al. 1990  
        NS8 18S TCCGCAGGTTCACCTACGGA  
        NS5 18S 310 AACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGAAG White et al. 1990  
        NS6 18S GCATCACAGACCTGTTATTGCCTC  
                   
                   
        White T. J., T. Bruns, S. Lee and J. Taylor, in PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods And Applications, ed. M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, T. J. White, Academic Press, San Diego, 1990, pp. 315–322.          
        你搜索一下看,这篇文献是非常经典的。呵呵。同样,再给出一个细菌的。
        BACTERIA - UNIVERSAL        
                 
        Primers   Sequence (5' to 3') bp Reference
        63F 16S CAG GCC TAA CAC ATG CAA GTC 1300 Marchesi et al. 1998
        1387R   GGG CGG WGT GTA CAA GGC   Marchesi et al. 1998
        778R   AGG GTA TCT AAT CCT GTT TGC   Rosch & Bothe 2005
        27F 16S AGA GTT TGA TCM TGG CTC AG   Gurtler & Stanisich 1996
        1492R 16S TAC GGH TAC CTT GTT ACG ACT T  
        338F Bacteria V3 Region (338-358) ~undefinedAC TCC TAC GGG AGG CAG CAG   Lane 1991
        518R Universal V3 region (534-518) ATT ACC GCG GCT GCT GG   Muyzer et al. 1993
        968F Bacteria V6 region (968-983) ~undefinedAA CGC GAA GAA CCT TAC   Nübel et al. 1996
        1406R Bacteria V9 region (1406-1392) ACG GGC GGT GTG TAC   Lane et al. 1988
        72F 16S TGC GGC TGG ATC TCC TT    
        38R 16S CCG GGT TTC CCCATT CGG  
               
                 
        ~undefinedGC clamp added to the 5' end of the primer, 5'CGC CCG CCG CGC GCG GCG GGC GGG GCG GGG GCA CGG GGG G 3'        
        附上参考文献,另:丁当不要送我,我拿着没用。
        Borneman, J. and R. J. Hartin, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2000, 66, 4356.              
        Braker G, Zhou J, Wu L, Devol AH, Tiedje JM. 2000. Nitrite reductase genes (nirK and nirS) as functional markers to investigate diversity of denitrifying bacteria in pacific northwest marine sediment communities. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:2096–104              
        Braker, G., A. Fesefeldt, and K.-P. Witzel. 1998. Development of PCR primer systems for amplification of nitrite reductase genes (nirK and nirS) to detect denitrifying bacteria in environmental samples. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:3769-3775              
        Einsele, H., H. Hebart, G. Roller, J. Loffler, I. Rothenhofer, C. A. Muller, R. A. Bowden, J. van Burik, D. Engelhard, L. Kanz, and U. Schumacher, J. Clin. Microbiol., 1997, 35, 1353.              
        Gardes M, Bruns TD. 1993. ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes – application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Mol Ecol 2:113–118              
        Gregory, L. G., A. Karakas-Sen, D. J. Richardson, and S. Spiro. 2000. Detection of genes for membrane-bound nitrate reductase in nitrate-respiring bacteria and in community DNA. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 183:275–279.              
        Gurtler, V., and V. A. Stanisich. 1996. New approaches to typing and identification of bacteria using the 16S-23S rDNA spacer region. Microbiology 142:3-16              
        Haynes, K.A., T. J. Westerneng, J. W. Fell and W. Moens, J. Med.Vet. Mycol., 1995, 33, 319.              
        Lane D.J. 1991. 16S/23S rRNA Sequencing. In: Stackebrandt E., Goodfellow M., eds. Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 115-175.               
        Lane D.J., Field K.G., Olsen G.J., Pace N.R. 1988. Reverse transcriptase sequencing of ribosomal RNA for phylogenetic analysis. Meth. Enzymol. 167:138-144.              
        Marchesi, J. R., T. Sato, A. J. Weightman, T. A. Martin, J. C. Fry, S. J. Hiam, D. Dymnock, and W. G. Wade. 1998. Design and evaluation of useful bacterium-specific PCR primers that amplify genes coding for bacterial 16S rRNA. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:795-799.              
        Muyzer G., de Waal E.C., Uitterlinden A.G. 1993. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:695-700.              
        Muyzer, G., S. Hottentrager, A. Teske, and C. Wawer. 1996. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA-A new molecular approach to analyse the genetic diversity of mixed microbial communities, p. 3.4.4:1–23. In A. Akkermans, et al. (ed.) Molecular microbial ecology manual. Kluwer Academic Publ., Nowell, MA.              
        Nubel U, B Engelen, A Felske, J Snaidr, A Wieshuber, RI Amann, W Ludwig and H Backhaus. 1996. Sequence heterogeneities of genes encoding 16S rRNAs in Paenibacillus polymyxa detected by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. J. Bacteriology 178 (19): 5636-5643              
        Philippot, L., S. Piutti, F. Martin-Laurent, S. Hallet, J.C. Germon. 2002. Molecular Analysis of the Nitrate-Reducing Community from Unplanted and Maize-Planted Soils Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 December; 68(12): 6121–6128 doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.6121-6128.2002.              
        Redecker D. 2000. Specific PCR primers to identify arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within colonized roots. Mycorrhiza 10: 73-80              
        R?sch, C. & Bothe, H. 2005. Improved Assessment of Denitrifying, N2-Fixing, and Total-Community Bacteria by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis Using Multiple Restriction Enzymes Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2005, p. 2026-2035, Vol. 71, No. 4doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.2026-2035.2005              
        R?sch, C., A. Mergel, and H. Bothe. 2002. Biodiversity of denitrifying and dinitrogen-fixing bacteria in an acid forest soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:3818-3829              
        Rotthauwe, J.H., Witzel, K.P. & Liesack, W. (1997). The ammonia monooxygenase structural gene amoA as a functional marker: molecular fine-scale analysis of natural ammonia-oxidizing populations. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63, 4704–4712.              
        Sandhu, G. S., B. C. Kline, L. Stockman and G. D. Roberts, J. Clin. Microbiol., 1995, 33, 2931.              
        Weisburg, W. G., S. M. Barns, D. A. Pelletier, and D. J. Lane. 1991. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J. Bacteriol. 173:697-703              
        White T. J., T. Bruns, S. Lee and J. Taylor, in PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods And Applications, ed. M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, T. J. White, Academic Press, San Diego, 1990, pp. 315–322.              
        Zehr, J. P., B. D. Jenkins, S. M. Short, and G. F. Steward. 2003. Nitrogenase gene diversity and microbial community structure: a cross-system comparison. Environ. Microbiol. 5:539-554
        zjubell wrote:
        你搜索一下看,这篇文献是非常经典的。呵呵。同样,再给出一个细菌的。
        BACTERIA - UNIVERSAL        
                 
        Primers   Sequence (5' to 3') bp Reference
        63F 16S CAG GCC TAA CAC ATG CAA GTC 1300 Marchesi et al. 1998
        1387R   GGG CGG WGT GTA CAA GGC   Marchesi et al. 1998
        778R   AGG GTA TCT AAT CCT GTT TGC   Rosch & Bothe 2005
        27F 16S AGA GTT TGA TCM TGG CTC AG   Gurtler & Stanisich 1996
        1492R 16S TAC GGH TAC CTT GTT ACG ACT T  
        338F Bacteria V3 Region (338-358) ~undefinedAC TCC TAC GGG AGG CAG CAG   Lane 1991
        518R Universal V3 region (534-518) ATT ACC GCG GCT GCT GG   Muyzer et al. 1993
        968F Bacteria V6 region (968-983) ~undefinedAA CGC GAA GAA CCT TAC   Nübel et al. 1996
        1406R Bacteria V9 region (1406-1392) ACG GGC GGT GTG TAC   Lane et al. 1988
        72F 16S TGC GGC TGG ATC TCC TT    
        38R 16S CCG GGT TTC CCCATT CGG  
               
                 
        ~undefinedGC clamp added to the 5' end of the primer, 5'CGC CCG CCG CGC GCG GCG GGC GGG GCG GGG GCA CGG GGG G 3'        
        这篇文献我有,序列也很好找,但是不知道真菌ITS和18S的应该加的GC夹的序列是什么,加在哪里?找了很多文献都是模糊表示“序列-GC”而已
        谢谢!

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