• 我要登录|
  • 免费注册
    |
  • 我的丁香通
    • 企业机构:
    • 成为企业机构
    • 个人用户:
    • 个人中心
  • 移动端
    移动端
丁香通 logo丁香实验_LOGO
搜实验

    大家都在搜

      大家都在搜

        0 人通过求购买到了急需的产品
        免费发布求购
        发布求购
        点赞
        收藏
        wx-share
        分享

        Activation of MAPKs by G Protein-Coupled Receptors

        互联网

        853
        G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of cell-surface molecules involved in signal transmission. These receptors play key physiologic roles, with their dysfunction resulting in a number of disease states (1 ). Recently, we have learned that many of the cellular responses mediated by GPCRs do not involve the sole stimulation of conventional second-messenger-generating systems, but result from the functional integration of an intricate network of intracellular signaling pathways. Among these, the main mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, those mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1-2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and ERK5/big mitogen-activated protein kinase (BMK), are potently activated by GPCRs (2 ). GPCRs owe their name to their extensively studied interaction with heterotrimeric G proteins (α-, β-, and γ-subunits), which undergo conformational changes that lead to the exchange of guanosine 5′-diphosphate for guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) bound to the α-subunit on receptor activation. Consequently, Gα- and Gβγ-subunits stimulate effector molecules, including adenylyl and guanylyl cyclases, phosphodiesterases, phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) and PLC, and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases, thereby activating or inhibiting the production of a variety of second messengers, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, diacylglycerol, inositol triphosphate (IP3 ), and phosphatidyinositol triphosphate (PIP3 ), arachidonic and phosphatidic acid, and promoting (Ca2+ ) elevation and the opening or closing of a variety of ion channels (3 ).
        ad image
        提问
        扫一扫
        丁香实验小程序二维码
        实验小助手
        丁香实验公众号二维码
        扫码领资料
        反馈
        TOP
        打开小程序