丁香实验_LOGO
登录
提问
我要登录
|免费注册
点赞
收藏
wx-share
分享

Confocal Microendoscopy of Neuromuscular Synapses in Living Mice

互联网

1052
  • Abstract
  • Table of Contents
  • Materials
  • Figures
  • Literature Cited

Abstract

 

Here we describe a step?by?step method for vital imaging of neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) and axons using fiber?optic confocal microendoscopy (CME). A commercially available system, the Cellvizio Lab, can be applied to transgenic mouse lines expressing yellow fluorescent protein in all or pseudorandom sub?subsets of motor neurons. Microscopic imaging in vivo is achieved by means of a flexible optical fiber probe that excites and collects the emitted light from fluorescently labeled structures. The hand?held probe is introduced through small skin incisions to visualize nerves and neuromuscular junctions from superficial muscles. Interpolation software then reconstructs the images in real time. The images are of sufficient quality to permit screening of axonal and neuromuscular synaptic integrity and other aspects of their phenotype in live animals. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 2:1?8 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Keywords: neuromuscular junction; imaging; microscopy

     
 
GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:
PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Basic Protocol 1: Surgical Procedure: Sciatic Nerve Lesion
  • Basic Protocol 2: Confocal Microendoscopy (CME) of Axons and Presynaptic Terminals
  • Commentary
  • Literature Cited
  • Figures
     
 
GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:
PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Materials

Basic Protocol 1: Surgical Procedure: Sciatic Nerve Lesion

  Materials
  • Thy1.2‐YFP16 or thy1.2‐YFPH transgenic mice (Jackson Labs)
  • Vetergesic (buprenorphine 4.2 µg/ml)
  • 3% to 5% isoflurane/O2
  • Antiseptic
  • Fur clippers
  • Iris scissors and fine spring scissors (e.g., Fine Science Tools)
  • Watchmakers forceps (e.g., Fine Science Tools)
  • Wound clips or silk suture with integral suture needle (e.g., Ethicon, 7‐0)
  • Heating lamp

Basic Protocol 2: Confocal Microendoscopy (CME) of Axons and Presynaptic Terminals

  Materials
  • Thy1.2‐YFP16 or thy1.2‐YFPH transgenic mice (Jackson Labs)
  • Vetergesic (buprenorphine 4.2 µg/ml)
  • 3% to 5% isoflurane/O 2
  • Antiseptic
  • Cellvizio Lab (Mauna Kea Technologies)
  • Proflex S‐1500 probe (Mauna Kea Technologies)
  • Fur clippers
  • Iris scissors and fine spring scissors (e.g., Fine Science Tools)
  • Adhesive tape
  • Dissection board or homeothermic blanket
  • Watchmakers forceps (e.g., Fine Science Tools)
  • ImageCell software
  • Micromanipulator, optional
  • Wound clips or silk suture with integral suture needle (e.g., Ethicon, 7‐0)
  • Heating lamp
GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:
PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Figures

  •   Figure Figure 1. (A ) Medial aspect of a mouse hind limb (cadaver), in which the tibial nerve (arrow) has been exposed through a small wound. The stainless‐steel tip of a Proflex S‐1500 probe is positioned in the wound over the exposed nerve. (B ) CME image of intact axons in the tibial nerve of an anesthetized thy1.2‐YFPH transgenic mouse. Only about 5% of the axons express YFP in this line and seven of them are visible in this image. (C ) CME image of intact axons in the tibial nerve of an anesthetized thy1.2‐YFP16 transgenic mouse. All the motor axons are labeled by YFP expression in this line. (D‐F ) CME images of a group of NMJs in axotomized flexor digitorum longus muscle of a WldS mutant mouse, obtained in imaging sessions conducted on successive days 3 (D), 4 (E), and 5 (F) after sciatic nerve section, following Basic Protocols 1 and 2. There is a delayed, progressive degeneration of motor axon terminals in this mutant strain following such nerve injury (arrows). Reprinted from Wong et al. () with permission
    View Image

Videos

Literature Cited

Literature Cited
   Balice‐Gordon, R.J. and Lichtman, J.W. 1990. In vivo visualization of the growth of pre‐ and postsynaptic elements of neuromuscular junctions in the mouse. J. Neurosci. 10:894‐908.
   Barretto, R.P., Messerschmidt, B., and Schnitzer, M.J. 2009. In vivo fluorescence imaging with high‐resolution microlenses. Nat. Methods 6:511‐512.
   Beirowski, B., Berek, L., Adalbert, R., Wagner, D., Grumme, D.S., Addicks, K., Ribchester, R.R., and Coleman, M.P. 2004. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of Wallerian degeneration using restricted axonal labelling in YFP‐H mice. J. Neurosci. Methods 134:23‐35.
   Brown, M.C. and Ironton, R. 1978. Sprouting and regression of neuromuscular synapses in partially denervated mammalian muscles. J. Physiol. 278:325‐348.
   Feng, G., Mellor, R.H., Bernstein, M., Keller‐Peck, C., Nguyen, Q.T., Wallace, M., Nerbonne, J.M., Lichtman, J.W., and Sanes, J.R. 2000. Imaging neuronal subsets in transgenic mice expressing multiple spectral variants of GFP. Neuron 28:41‐51.
   Gillingwater, T.H., Thomson, D., Mack, T.G., Soffin, E.M., Mattison, R.J., Coleman, M.P., and Ribchester, R.R. 2002. Age‐dependent synapse withdrawal at axotomised neuromuscular junctions in Wld(s) mutant and Ube4b/Nmnat transgenic mice. J. Physiol. 543:739‐755.
   Greene, E.C. 1963. The Anatomy of the Rat. Hafner, New York.
   Kasthuri, N. and Lichtman, J.W. 2003. The role of neuronal identity in synaptic competition. Nature 424:426‐430.
   Keller‐Peck, C.R., Walsh, M.K., Gan, W.B., Feng, G., Sanes, J.R., and Lichtman, J.W. 2001. Asynchronous synapse elimination in neonatal motor units: Studies using GFP transgenic mice. Neuron 31:381‐394.
   Lichtman, J.W., Magrassi, L., and Purves, D. 1987. Visualization of neuromuscular junctions over periods of several months in living mice. J. Neurosci. 7:1215‐1222.
   Llewellyn, M.E., Barretto, R.P., Delp, S.L., and Schnitzer, M.J. 2008. Minimally invasive high‐speed imaging of sarcomere contractile dynamics in mice and humans. Nature 454:784‐788.
   Pelled, G., Dodd, S.J., and Koretsky, A.P. 2006. Catheter confocal fluorescence imaging and functional magnetic resonance imaging of local and systems level recovery in the regenerating rodent sciatic nerve. Neuroimage 30:847‐856.
   Rich, M.M. and Lichtman, J.W. 1989. In vivo visualization of pre‐ and postsynaptic changes during synapse elimination in reinnervated mouse muscle. J. Neurosci. 9:1781‐1805.
   Vincent, P., Maskos, U., Charvet, I., Bourgeais, L., Stoppini, L., Leresche, N., Changeux, J.P., Lambert, R., Meda, P., and Paupardin‐Tritsch, D. 2006. Live imaging of neural structure and function by fibred fluorescence microscopy. EMBO Rep. 7:1154‐1161.
   Walsh, M.K. and Lichtman, J.W. 2003. In vivo time‐lapse imaging of synaptic takeover associated with naturally occurring synapse elimination. Neuron 37:67‐73.
   Wong, F., Fan, L., Wells, S., Hartley, R., Mackenzie, F.E., Oyebode, O., Brown, R., Thomson, D., Coleman, M.P., Blanco, G., and Ribchester, R.R. 2009. Axonal and neuromuscular synaptic phenotypes in Wld(S), SOD1(G93A) and ostes mutant mice identified by fiber‐optic confocal microendoscopy. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 42:296‐307.
GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:
PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library
 
ad image
提问
扫一扫
丁香实验小程序二维码
实验小助手
丁香实验公众号二维码
扫码领资料
反馈
TOP
打开小程序