High Throughput Modifications of Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis: Mutation Detection in Familial Hypercholesterolemia

In most patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) the disorder is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) (1 ). The variety of different defects observed in receptor function at the cellular level reflects mutations in different domains of the gene, and there is an increasing number of pointers to suggest that genetic factors influence clinical severity. The diagnosis of FH on clinical grounds is not 100% accurate, and some hypercholesterolemic individuals may not have a mutation in the LDL-R gene, whereas some individuals who would not be included in the clinical criteria do have such a mutation. The purpose of this chapter is to Illustrate the use of the single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) technique for mutation screening in the LDL-R gene and to discuss several adaptations of published methods that improve throughput, and that we believe are appropriate for a disorder such as FH. In the next few years such techniques will help to tackle molecular diagnosis and family tracing in the large number of FH patients present in Europe and North America.