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Less common disorders:E

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DISEASE AND CAUSES PATHOPHYSIOLOGY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Endocarditis  
  • Infection due to bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae, and parasites
Endothelial damage allows microorganisms to adhere to the surface where they proliferate and promote the propagation of endocardial vegetation.
  • Weakness and fatigue
  • Weight loss, fever, night sweats, and anorexia
  • Arthralgia, splenomegaly, and new systolic murmur
Epidermolysis bullosa  
  • Cause unknown
  • Nonscarring forms result from an autosomal dominant inheritance, except for junctional epidermolysis bullosa (recessively inherited) and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (results from X-linked recessive inheritance)
Blisters occur from frictional trauma or heat; prognosis depends on severity. Fatal in infant and child, but becomes less severe as patient matures.
  • Blisters appear on hands, feet, knees, or elbows
  • Sloughing of large areas of newborn skin
  • Blistering occurs in GI, respiratory, or genitourinary tracts
  • Eyelid blisters, conjunctivitis, adhesions, and corneal opacities
Esophageal varices  
  • Portal hypertension
Shunting of blood to the venae cavae due to portal hypertension leads to dilatation of esophageal veins.
  • Hemorrhage and subsequent hypotension
  • Compromised oxygen supply
  • Altered level of consciousness

 

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