腭 palate

互联网2013-11-14

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脊椎动物口腔之背侧壁称为腭。在鱼类，鼻腔与口腔不通，但在两栖类以上两者经后鼻孔相通。在鱼类和两栖类，颅骨底构成腭。两栖类的后鼻孔位于它的前端。在爬行类以上，骨质的腭发展而形成鼻腔之下底，不过在爬行类（除鳄类外）和鸟类发育不完全，而鳄类与哺乳类发育完全，特别在哺乳类，前面还生成不能活动的骨质硬腭（palatum durum）相接续的为带有肌肉的可动的，软腭（palatum molle）或腭帆（velum palatinum）的部分。可在吞嚥时关闭后鼻孔而防止食物进入鼻咽

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