Culture of Rat Cerebellar Granule Neurons and Application to Identify Neuroprotective Agents

In primary culture of the early postnatal cerebellum, glutamatergic granule cells are highly enriched and recapitulate many properties characteristic of developing granule neurons in vivo. For example, withdrawal of K⁺ from differentiated rat primary cerebellar granule neurons results in the apoptotic death of the majority of cells after 48 h. Removal of cerebellar granule neurons from depolarizing culture conditions with high K⁺ is thought to reflect the regulation of trophic action of neuronal activity and has found widespread application as a model for studying the mechanisms of survival factor withdrawal-induced neuronal cell apoptosis and the neuroprotective action of trophic agents. This chapter presents a protocol for the culture of postnatal rat cerebellar granule neurons and results in a preparation containing 95% glutamatergic granule cells and its application to the evaluation of corticotropin receptor agonists as neuroprotective agents.