Application of Bioavailability and Biokinetics Protocol to Phenol and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Soil and Development of Bioavail

Determining the fate and transport of contaminants in soil systems (see Chapters 17 and 21) is important for developing cost-effective treatment strategies. Models are required to apply bench-scale data for designing and effectively operating pilot-scale treatment systems and to conduct field-scale bioremediation using pilot-scale data. Pilot- and field-scale treatment IS timeconsuming and expensive Often the high cost of sampling and analysis together with variabilities in field-scale conditions makes it difficult to optimize treatment conditions and obtain important insights. However, bench-scale testing is easier to conduct and control, allowing intrinsic kinetic rates to be determined and various treatment strategies to be explored. Mathematical models provide an important link between the various treatment scales, allowing treatment conditions and rates to be translated from the bench-scale to pilot- and field-scale.