Studying Interactions Between Chloroplast Proteins in Intact Plant Cells Using Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation and Frster Resonance Energy Tr

Protein–protein interactions play crucial roles in the execution of many cellular functions, including those in plastids. Identifying and characterising protein–protein interactions can yield valuable information regarding the function of a protein and can also contribute towards understanding protein–protein interaction networks in plastids, thereby contributing to a better understanding of cellular processes. Here, we describe the planning and experimental procedures required to perform both bimolecular fluorescence complementation and F�rster resonance energy transfer assays to detect protein–protein interactions. Arabidopsis is well-suited for microscopy and its small size facilitates live cell imaging, enabling observation of protein–protein interactions in living chloroplasts. The methods described in this chapter can be used to analyse protein–protein interactions of two known proteins and to dissect interacting protein domains.