疾病及处理

Invasive fungal infections comprise a group of serious and life-threatening diseases affecting immunocompromised patients. Molecular analysis of fungal virulence involves the deletion of genes that are suspected for contributing to fungal pathogenesis. Phenotypic ana ...

The incidence of invasive fungal diseases has increased over the past decades, particularly in relation with the increase of immunocompromised patient cohorts (e.g., HIV-infected patients, transplant recipients, immunosuppressed patients with cancer). Opportunistic fu ...

Although the role of invasion in the virulence of Candida albicans has been demonstrated, the mechanism that governs fungal invasion is not fully understood. Among the tools that exist to fill these gaps in knowledge, in vitro tissue models based on reconstituted human epithelia (RHE) have alr ...

A critical determinant of host range and specificity relies on the ability of pathogenic bacteria to recognize eukaryotic cell surface molecules via specialized adhesins. The specific adhesin-receptor interaction allows pathogens to tightly bind to their target cells, thereby ...

The social soil amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum has been established as a host model for several human pathogens including Legionella pneumophila. The complete genome sequence, the genetic tractability, and the phagocytic characteristics of Dictyostelium generate many op ...

Surface-exposed proteins of pathogenic bacteria are considered as potential virulence factors through their direct contribution to host-pathogen interactions. The specific interaction of bacterial proteins with host proteins often subverts the physiologic function ...

As in many other areas of basic and applied biology, research in infectious diseases has been revolutionized by two recent developments in the field of genome biology: first, the sequencing of the human genome as well as that of many pathogen genomes; and second, the development of high-throughput ...

This protocol describes the setup, maintenance, and characteristics of models of oral and vaginal candidiasis based on well-established three-dimensional organotypic tissues of human oral and vaginal mucosa. Infection experiments are highly reproducible and can be used for the ...

Parasitic helminths are a major cause of disease worldwide, yet the molecular mechanisms of host-helminth interaction and parasite development are only rudimentarily studied. A main reasons for this lack of knowledge are the tremendous experimental difficulties in cultivating ...

Adhesion to host tissue represents one of the first steps during the early phase of fungal infections. In order to mediate pathogenesis in the infected host, this process is crucial for colonization and subsequent penetration of the respective tissue. In vivo analyses of the adhesion process ...

Recognition of pathogenic yeasts by host cells is based on components of the yeast cell wall, which are considered part of its virulence attributes. Cell wall glycans play an important role in the continuous interchange that regulates the balance between saprophytism and parasitism and be ...

The encapsulated fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are significant agents of life-threatening infections, particularly in persons with suppressed cell-mediated immunity. This chapter provides detailed methodology for the purifica ...

Over the past two decades, mass spectrometry (MS) has ceased to be a fairly exotic technique banished from the protein scientists’ mind to become a seminal tool for deciphering the information encoded in the genomes of many biological species. Clues to this shift in the modus operandi for characte ...

The two most prevalent human malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, cause the majority of malaria-related morbidity and mortality. Compared with our knowledge about the erythrocytic stages, we understand little about the liver exoerythrocytic (EE) sta ...

Apoptosis plays crucial roles for the outcome of infection with various infectious agents. The host’s apoptotic program may be modulated after infection in order to combat the pathogen or to restrict the immune response. In addition, distinct microorganisms alter the apoptotic program ...

The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans enters the bloodstream and causes hematogenously disseminated infection in hospitalized patients. During the initiation of a hematogenously disseminated infection, endothelial cells are one of the first host cells to come ...

Neutrophils are professional phagocytes of the innate immune system that are essential to control bacterial and fungal infections. These cells engulf and kill invading microbes. Additionally, activated neutrophils are able to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). T ...

佚名 重点内容： 1. 寄生虫与寄生虫病的概念2. 寄生虫的生物学3. 寄生虫与宿主的相互关系 人体寄生虫学（human parasitology)是研究与人体健康有关的寄生虫的形态结构、生活活动和生存繁殖规律，阐明寄生虫与人体及外界因素的相互关系的科学。它是预防医学和临床医学的一门基础科。 人体寄生虫学由医学原虫学（medical protozoolog ...

佚名 蠕虫 Helminths 因藉身体的肌肉收缩而作蠕形运动得名，为多细胞无脊椎动物，与人体有关系的包括扁形动物门、线形动物门和棘头动物门，由蠕虫感染引起的疾病称为蠕虫病。如：常见的蛔虫就是蠕虫的一种。 ...

佚名 线虫 Nematodes 属线形动物门的线虫纲，因其形态似线状得名。与人关系密切的有10余种，如蛔虫、钩虫、丝虫、旋毛虫等。其典型形态为两侧对称的圆柱形，前细后粗，雌虫大于雄虫，且雄虫尾端多向腹面卷曲。其生活史包括虫卵、幼虫和成虫三个阶段。 ...