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        化学生物学实验技术

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Peptide Microarrays on Coated Silicon Slides for Highly Sensitive Antibody Detection

        Peptides, with their well-established chemistry and fully automated synthesis, provide an invaluable tool for the screening of protein ligands, for epitope mapping, and for antibody diagnostics on the microarray format. The method described in this chapter shows that the sensitivi ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        High Density Peptide Microarrays for Proteome-Wide Fingerprinting of Kinase Activities in Cell Lysates

        Protein function is highly regulated in pathways that are responsible for complex biochemical mechanisms such as growth, metabolism, and signal transduction. One of the most important mechanisms is posttranslational modification (PTM) changing protein surfaces by phosphor ...

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        Nitrate Reductase Activity of Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) as a Redox Sensor for Cardiovascular Oxidative Stress

        In 2002, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) was identified as an organic nitrate bioactivating enzyme. This so-called nitrate reductase activity denitrates nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate) to its 1,2-glycerol dinitrate metabolite and nitrite. This reac ...

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        pO2 and ROS/RNS Measurements in the Microcirculation in Hypoxia

        We expose methods for in vivo assessment of oxygen, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS), in the microcirculation during normoxia and hypoxia. We provide an example of the related mechanisms of ROS/RNS and oxygen level in the process of regulat ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Current Status of Measuring Oxidative Stress

        Although the healthcare field is increasingly aware of the importance of free radicals and oxidative stress, screening and monitoring has not yet become a routine test, since, dangerously, there are no symptoms of this condition. Therefore, in very few cases is oxidative stress addressed. P ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Lipofuscin: Detection and Quantification by Microscopic Techniques

        Since lipofuscin, the so-called “aging pigment”, turned out to play a fundamental role in the aging process, particularly in the postmitotic senescence of muscle or neuronal cells, it became a focus of aging and stress research. During normal aging, lipofuscin accumulates in a nearly linear wa ...

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        Using Fluorescence-Activated Flow Cytometry to Determine Reactive Oxygen Species Formation and Membrane Lipid Peroxidation in Viable Boar Spermatozoa

        Fluorescence-activated flow cytometry analyses were developed for determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and membrane lipid peroxidation in live spermatozoa loaded with, respectively, hydroethidine (HE) or the lipophilic probe 4,4-difluoro-5-(4-ph ...

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        Multiphoton Redox Ratio Imaging for Metabolic Monitoring In Vivo

        Metabolic monitoring at the cellular level in live tissues is important for understanding cell function, disease processes, and potential therapies. Multiphoton imaging of the relative amounts of NADH and FAD (the primary electron donor and acceptor, respectively, in the electron t ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Structural and Functional Changes in the Insulin Molecule Produced by Oxidative Stress

        The change produced by oxidative stress on proteins (cross-links, backbone cleavage, amino acid modification) generates structural changes with a wide range of consequences such as increased propensity to the aggregation or proteolysis, altered immunogenicity and frequent ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Identification of ROS Using Oxidized DCFDA and Flow-Cytometry

        Cells constantly generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during aerobic metabolism. The ROS generation plays an important protective and functional role in the immune system. The cell is armed with a powerful antioxidant defense system to combat excessive production of ROS. Oxidative ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity Assay for Antioxidants in Human Serum and for Hydroxyl Radical Scavengers

        Tests measuring the combined antioxidant effect of the nonenzymatic defenses in biological fluids may be useful in providing an index of the organism’s capability to counteract reactive species known as pro-oxidants, resist oxidative damage, and combat oxidative stress-related ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        OXY-SCORE: A Global Index to Improve Evaluation of Oxidative Stress by Combining Pro- and Antioxidant Markers

        Our group recently proposed OXY-SCORE, a summary index of oxidative stress, computed by combining plasma free and total malondialdehyde (F- and T-MDA), glutathione in disulphide/reduced forms (GSSG/GSH), α- and γ-tocopherol (TH), urine isoprostanes (iPF2α-III) levels, and plasma ind ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Using N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) to Assay Cyclooxygenase Activity In Vitro

        Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGH synthase), also known as cyclooxygenase (COX), was identified over 30 years ago and is the key enzyme in the pathway by which arachidonic acid is converted to the range of biologically active lipid mediators known as the prostanoids that participa ...

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        Determination of Erythrocyte Fragility as a Marker of Pesticide-Induced Membrane Oxidative Damage

        Erythrocytes are readily available cells and a good model system to study the health status of individuals with pathologic complications. It can also serve as a meaningful target to study toxicant/xenobiotic-induced damages. We have prepared different concentrations of a carbamate ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Measurement of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Proton Leak

        The major component of mitochondrial electrochemical potential gradient of protons is the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), and hence it is a suitable parameter for assessment of mitochondrial function. Dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential causes unco ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Oximetry and Redoximetry

        Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) have been increasingly recognized as important mediators and play a number of critical roles in cell injury, metabolism, disease pathology, diagnosis, and clinical treatment. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy e ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Measurement of 8-Isoprostane in Exhaled Breath Condensate

        Oxidative stress is functionally involved in the pathophysiology of lung diseases including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 8-Isoprostane, which is derived from free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid, is one of the most reliable biomarke ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Analysis of Antioxidant Activities in Vegetable Oils and Fat Soluble Vitamins and Biofactors by the PAO-SO Method

        Accumulated evidences indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathophysiology of aging process. Antioxidants are believed to play an important role in the defense system to counteract ROS in the body. While excess hydrophilic antioxidants can be excreted easi ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Measuring Antioxidant Capacity Using the ORAC and TOSC Assays

        Recent epidemiological studies have shown that there may be a link between oxidative stress and the development of several types of chronic diseases. Studies have also shown that diets rich in fruits and vegetables may decrease the incidence of cancer and other chronic diseases. The antioxi ...

        丁香实验推荐阅读
        Assessing the Neuroprotective Effect of Antioxidant Food Factors by Application of Lipid-Derived Dopamine Modification Adducts

        Advances in understanding the neurodegenerative pathologies are creating new opportunities for the development of neuroprotective therapies, such as antioxidant food factors, lifestyle modification and drugs. However, the biomarker by which the effect of the agent on neurod ...

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