细胞功能测定

ResidueTest®Estradiol ELISA kit雌二醇(E2)酶联免疫试剂盒，（编号：HM2093），采用竞争酶联免疫分析法定量检测牛奶和奶牛血清、血浆中的雌二醇Estradiol (E2)。简介：ResidueTest®雌二醇ELISA试剂盒用于定量检测牛奶和奶牛血清、血浆中雌二醇(E2)的浓度。雌二醇(1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17β-二醇; 17β-雌二醇; E21)是C18类固醇激素，分子量272.4。主 ...

基本原理：细胞划痕实验（Wound Healing)是一种操作简单，经济实惠的研究细胞迁移/肿瘤侵袭的体外试验方法。这种方法的原理是，当细胞长到融合成单层状态时，在融合的单层细胞上人为制造一个空白区域，称为“划痕”。划痕边缘的细胞会逐渐进入空白区域使“划痕”愈合。划痕实验在一定程度上模拟了体内细胞迁移的过程，是研究细胞迁移的体外试验方法中最简单的方法。实验方法：基本的步骤包括“划痕”的制造，细胞迁移期间图像的获得以及后期 ...

肝硬化是导致美国人死亡的主要原因之一，并且有快速蔓延之势。在世界范围内，肝硬化甚至具有不成比例的影响，正处于生命黄金期的年轻人或患有其他疾病但健康状况得到改善的病人更容受到该疾病的影响，这真令人惋惜。 为促进人类抗纤维化临床试验，以最终达成共识为目的，今年将举行AASLD新趋势主题会议，本次会议旨在商讨与解决“抗纤维化药物临床实验的新趋势：策略与方法“。本次大会举办地：美国芝加哥；举办时间：2014年6月21日-22日。 ...

The liver is composed of hepatocytes, endothelial, Kupffer, fat-storing, and pit cells. This chapter describes a technique for isolating hepatocytes, which represent 60–65% of the cells of the liver and about 80% of the volume of the organ (since they are larger than the other cells) (1–3). Two years aft ...

Macrophages throughout the body function to phagocytose pathogens, tissue debris, or foreign particulates. For example, lung macrophages have frequent contact with inhaled pathogens or inert particles and have developed interesting and diverse responses to these challenge ...

Eukaryotic cells are electronegative when compared to the surrounding environment. This negative charge is called the transmembrane potential (TMP) and is partly caused by concentration gradients of K+, Na2+, and Cl− ions across the cell membrane. For purposes of cell osmolarity and pH bal ...

The estimation of the viability of a cell population by flow cytometry is based on a simple yet powerful principle: Dead cells leak. Cells that die via the necrosis pathway, in contrast with apoptosis, rapidly lose membrane integrity (1). All of the different methods for evaluating viability are ba ...

Progression of cells through successive phases and checkpoints of the cell cycle is maintained by sequential phosphorylation of different sets of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) (1–12). By activating their partner CDKs and targeting them to the r ...

The application of flow cytometry for the study of cell surface antigens has evolved significantly in the last 20 yr. One of the factors involved is the continuing development of a vast array of monoclonal antibodies specific for cell-associated antigens. Another important factor is the dev ...

The increased utilization of flow cytometry for the study of cell-associated antigens has paralleled the continuing development of new monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for cell-associated antigens. Availability of these reagents, combined with the introduction of new ...

The current methods commonly employed to detect cytokine production have several drawbacks. Bioassays are not necessarily cytokine-specific in that they measure functional properties. The production of supernatant cytokine protein can be readily measured by enzyme-linked ...

The mere presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), a DNA polymerase, in leukemic cells provides no help in assigning these blast cells to a particular cell lineage (1). Differential levels of TdT gene transcription, however, result in diagnostically significant expr ...

The development of simultaneous multiparameter analysis protocols has facilitated the use of flow cytometry in many diverse and complex research and clinical programs. This effort has been advanced by the availability of a wide range of fluorochrome-conjugated antibody reagents ...

Many types of cancer and genetic diseases are characterized by chromosomal aberrations. Conventional cytogenetics, the analysis of banded metaphase chromosomes, can be very time consuming and, in many cases, marker chromosomes cannot be identified by their banding pattern alone. F ...

Based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular criteria two distinct modes of cell death can be recognized: necrosis and apoptosis (1–5). Necrosis generally results from enzymatic digestion of the cells and denaturation of its proteins as the response to gross injury. An early event of ...

Flow cytometry is a laser-based technology that is used to measure characteristics of biological particles. This technology is used to perform measurements on whole cells as well as prepared cellular constituents such as nuclei and organelles. Flow cytometers scan single particles or ...

Changes in steady-state mRNA levels may represent early molecular events in immune cells that can ultimately predict and define cellular function, activation, differentiation, and transformation (1). The ability to detect and accurately quantitate these changes in specific cel ...

Flow cytometric DNA content analysis of human neoplasia provides quantitative information on DNA ploidy, clonal DNA heterogeneity, and proliferative activity. These submicroscopic features are important for the biological and clinical evaluation of tumors as demonstrat ...

Acridine orange (AO) is the most notable member of the acridine fluorescent dye family. Because of its versatility and diverse biological applications, it has been widely used in basic and clinical research fields (1–10). For flow cytometric application, AO offers distinct advantages ov ...

Measurement of a DNA histogram can be achieved by fixing or permeabilizing cells and staining them with a DNA-binding dye, such as propidium iodide (PI). The histogram will yield the percentage of cells in the G1, S, and G2/M phases of the cell cycle (1). Although some inferences about the movement of cells t ...