实验仪器使用技术

Highly sensitive and cost effective measurement tools are required in biotechnology research and applications. Fluorescence provides very simple, cost effective, and sensitive methods in most of the biosensor techniques. Spectrometer is an essential tool for any kind of spectro ...

A platform to detect multiplex fluorescent labels was developed based on liquid phase implementation of the Integrating Waveguide Sensor detection principles. The liquid sample is held in a capillary cuvette with a lens at one end. The excitation light incident on the cuvette at 90� angle. The e ...

In life sciences, the problem of very small volume of sample, analytes, and reagents is often faced. Micro-fluidic technology is ideal for handling costly and difficult-to-obtain samples, analytes, and reagents, because it requires very small volume of samples, in order of μL or even nL. Among many ...

The Integrating Waveguide Biosensor was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of bacterial cells, spores, and toxins. A sandwich format of immunoassay was employed using Salmonella as model. The analyte was immunocaptured on the inner surface of the waveguide and then detected by t ...

Photomultiplier tubes (PMT) are widely used for the weak light detection in some types of biosensors. A light detection system for biosensors based on PMT generally contains optic fibers, PMT, and filters. Basic principles of those accessories were provided in this chapter. The guides to sele ...

Microfluidic devices are revolutionary in their ability to use very small quantities of liquid samples and to perform biochemical analyses with unprecedented speed. Toward the goal of a lab-on-a-chip that integrates a series of analysis steps and analytical components into a single mic ...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is a powerful tool for biomolecular interaction analysis in proteomics research and drug discovery. But when it is used to analyze small molecules, the sensitivity still needs enhancement. Phase detection is a potential solution, for phase ch ...

A simple instrument or device for easy DNA analysis is required. A combination of bioluminometric assay and photo-detection with an inexpensive photo-diode array provides a simple instrument for various DNA analyses. Its characteristics and applications for DNA analyses are descr ...

An integrated circuit (IC) of photodiode array (PDA) microchip system was used for the on-chip detection of E. coli O157:H7 based on an enzymatic bioassay and light absorption property of the reaction product. The PDA microchip consisting of an array of 12 � 12 photodiode detection elements served ...

Array-based biosensor technology offers the user the ability to detect and quantify multiple targets in multiple samples simultaneously (Analytical Sciences 23:5–10, 2007). The NRL Array Biosensor has been developed with the aim of creating a system for sensitive, rapid, on-site scre ...

In this chapter we describe a simple and relatively inexpensive Electroluminescence (EL) illumination and charged-coupled device (CCD) camera (EL-CCD) based detector for monitoring florescence and colorimetric assays. The portable battery-operated florescence detec ...

The use of Charge Coupled Device (CCD) detectors as an integral part of a biosensing system has become widespread in recent years due to several advantages of this type of detection, such as the ability to image multiple zones on the sensor, the flexibility of defining the sensing configuration and t ...

The performance of a homemade, simple, fluorescence-induced capillary electrophoresis (CE) detector is described here. It is based on LED as excitation source, a bifurcated optical fibre as a waveguide and a CCD as a photodetector. The connection of all the components is fairly easy, even for no ...

Rapid and precise quantification of the infectivity of HIV is important for molecular virologic studies, as well as for measuring the activities of antiviral drugs and neutralizing antibodies. An indicator cell line, a CCD camera, and image-analysis software were used to quantify HIV inf ...

The unique feature of the label-free measurement techniques for screening specific binding molecules against a certain ligand is that knowledge about the analyte is not required. Due to the direct monitoring of the binding event, no further detection step, e.g., by a fluorescently labeled a ...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which provides real-time, in situ analysis of dynamic surface events, is a valuable tool for studying interactions between biomolecules. In the clinical diagnosis of tumor markers in human blood, SPR is applied to detect the formation of a sandwich-type imm ...

上世纪60、70年代是色谱/层析技术快速发展的时代，首先是层析介质有了飞速的发展，各种人工合成的介质出现，如硅胶、聚苯乙烯二乙烯基树脂、琼脂糖、葡聚糖、聚丙烯酰胺等树脂或凝胶的出现，极大地拓展了层析技术的应用领域和范围，基于不同介质的层析方法也如雨后春笋般不断涌现。如Bio-Rad公司于上世纪50年初推出的分析级离子交换树脂AG系列，广泛用于各种分子物质的分离纯化，包括无机离子、有机酸、核酸以及糖类等。值得一提的是 ...

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1.准备实验要与实验类型相适用，忌实验准备中的盲目性、随意性不同类型的实验对所用的器材、试剂的要求不同，准备实验时要区别对待。如准备演示实验要选用专为演示实验用的大型仪器，以便使全班学生都能观察到实验现象和教师操作，增强实验的直观效果。而学生实验可选用一些小型或微型仪器。这样既可节约试剂用量，减少开支，又方便学生取用。定量实验比定性实验对仪器的精度、试剂纯度的要求高，准备定量实验时要选用精确度高的仪器、纯度高的试 ...

1． 实验前应做好试剂的配置，用品灭菌等准备工作，配置分子生物学实验各种试剂，必须要使用重蒸水（ddH2O）2． 使用后的器皿必须认真清洁干净，洗完后还要用重蒸水冲洗三次。3． 凡是可以进行灭菌的试剂与用具都必须要经过高压蒸汽灭菌后进行使用，防止其他杂质或酶对DNA、RNA或蛋白质的降解。4． 凡是基因工种操作所用的一切塑料器具（ eppendorf管、tip等），在使用前都应装入盒子和瓶子中灭菌，且装盒或装瓶过程中都应采用镊子或戴上 ...