遗传学实验技术

One of the surprising findings of the Human Genome Project was that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which, by definition, have a minor allele frequency greater than 1%, occur at higher rates than previously suspected. When occurring in the gene coding regions, SNPs can be synonymous (i ...

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the simplest form of DNA variation among individuals. These simple changes can be of transition or transversion type and they occur throughout the genome at a frequency of about one in 1,000bp. They may be responsible for the diversity among individual ...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging technique is label free, real-time, and high-throughput analysis method for interaction studies with array format. The application of SPR imaging for the small molecule arrays, which were fabricated by photoaffinity crosslinking, can be the f ...

“Permeable Cell Assay” is an efficient method to measure cellular activity of ATP synthesis. Although ATP is a major energy source for biological reactions, it has been difficult to measure cellular ATP synthetic activity quantitatively. In this assay, bioluminescence from the lucife ...

Although advancements in the preventive and therapeutic strategies of cardiac diseases have successfully improved the prognosis of many types of cardiac diseases, they are still challengeable targets because of their high mortality and large medical expenses. Moreover, becau ...

We have introduced the principles of a newly created photoimmobilization technology using photoresponsive azopolymers and reviewed its application to the fabrication of immunochip. We can consider two important factors in our approach, the deformation process that is induced by ...

Gene clustering is one of the main themes of data mining approaches in bioinformatics. Although it has the power to analyze gene function, interpretation of the results becomes increasingly difficult when the number of experiments (samples) exceeds hundreds or more. A new type of clustering ...

In order to support high-throughput screening for ligands of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) by using bioinformatics technology, we introduce a database (SEVENS) with genome-scale annotation and software (GRIFFIN) that can simulate GPCR function. SEVENS (http://sevens.c ...

Expression-ready cDNA clones, where the open reading frame (ORF) of the gene of interest is placed under the control of an appropriate promoter, are critical for functional characterization of the gene products. To create a resource of human gene products, we attempted to systematically con ...

With the completion of the genome projects, there are increasing demands on the experimental systems that enable to exploit the entire set of protein-coding open reading frames (ORFs), viz. ORFeome, en masse. Systematic proteomic studies based on cloned ORFeomes are called “reverse prot ...

Reverse chemical genomic approach is expected to greatly expedite the discovery of new compounds, which modulate biological phenotypes in various ways. However, toward this end, various contents and platforms must be well prepared in the research community. In this regard, genome-wi ...

A fully automated two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) system for rapid and reproducible protein analysis is described. 2DE that is a combination of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is widely used for protein ...

Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) is an advanced variation of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE); protein samples are labeled with different fluorescent dyes, mixed and separated by 2D-PAGE. 2D-DIGE solves major inhere ...

Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) is a method to visualize gene expression within a whole organism. Although it is an essential approach in developmental biology to describe the gene expression patterns during embryogenesis, the simultaneous processing of numerous embryos ...

For preparation of “chemical shotgun (CSG)” affinity resins, bioactive compounds are nonselectively immobilized via one of their functional groups by a simple protocol without the design and synthesis of specific derivatives. The CSG affinity resins have merit of capture of specifi ...

Inflammation is a defense reaction of an organism against harmful stimuli such as tissue injury or infectious agents. The relationship between the infecting microorganism and the immune, inflammatory, and coagulation responses of the host is intricately intertwined. Due to its comp ...

We have discovered a novel protein immobilization method, i.e., a “Three-Dimensional Nanostructured Protein Hydrogel” (3-D NPH), which is composed of protein-reactive polymer hybrid nanoparticles to detect protein–protein interactions. The 3-D NPH can be easily prepared by spot ...

Although high-throughput technologies used in biology have resulted in the accumulation of vast amounts of data in the literature, it is becoming difficult for individual investigators to directly benefit from this data because they are not easily accessible. Databases have assumed a ...

We used HaloTag� labeling technology for the pulse labeling of proteins in cultured mammalian cells. HaloTag� technology allows a HaloTag-fusion protein to covalently bind to a specific small molecule fluorescent ligand. Thus specifically labeled HaloTag-fusion proteins can be c ...

The Transdirect insect cell is a newly developed invitro translation system for mRNA templates, which utilizes an extract from cultured Spodoptera frugiperda 21 (Sf21) insect cells. An expression vector, pTD1, which includes a 5′-untranslated region (UTR) sequence from a baculovirus ...