生物信息学技术

The worldwide embrace of the Internet has led to the development of an electronic marketplace for purchasing research laboratory supplies. The exponentia l growth of the World Wide Web has given suppliers cost-effective tools for continually providing up-to-date information on prod ...

Designing PCR and sequencing primers are essential activities for molecular biologists around the world. This chapter assumes acquaintance with the principles and practice of PCR, as outlined in, for example, refs. 1–4.

Genetics is gaining increasing significance as the discovery of new genes continues to have considerable impact in the field of medical sciences. The Human Genome Project is a multidisciplinary endeavor that aims at learning the identity of every single base stored in the human genome has be ...

Computer-assisted analysis of DNA sequences used to be a task for the “local expert.” However, various genome sequencing projects as well as the availability of sequencing services are providing a constantly increasing number of scientists with DNA sequence data. These data need to be inte ...

For several years we have been concentrating on developing methods for large-scale sequencing projects and the resulting software is used in many major laboratories and genome centers. In the course of this work we devised a very powerful graphical user interface for use in our sequence assem ...

PepTool™ and GeneTool™ are two new bioinformatics software packages currently being offered by BioTools Inc. (www. bio too ls . com). As the names might imply, PepTool is designed for protein sequence analysis and GeneTool is designed for DNA sequence analysis. The combined package is typically ...

Lasergene comprises eight applications, organized into functional units. A user with the full Lasergene system might employ the software as follows:

Whether a researcher is working on a genome project, or is cloning and characterizing a gene of interest, the ability to manipulate, analyze, and annotate sequence data is becoming increasingly important. It is evident by now that efficiently performing the above operations on thousands or m ...

Computer-based sequence analysis, notation, and manipulation are a necessity for all molecular biologists working with any but the most simple DNA sequences. As sequence data becomes increasingly available, tools that can be used to manipulate and annotate individual sequences and ...

The GCG programs, also called the “Wisconsin Package,” comprise a powerful suite of tools for manipulating, analyzing, and comparing nucleotide and protein sequences (1). The initials GCG stand for Genetics Computer Group, which is a subsidiary of Oxford Molecular Group (Campbell, CA). The ...

The Genetics Computer Group (GCG) programs, also called the Wisconsin Package, comprise a powerful suite of tools for manipulating, analyzing, and comparing nucleotide and protein sequences. More than 130 programs are included in the Wisconsin Package, each of which functions as a tool for ...

As the amount of sequence data continues to grow exponentially, it is increasingly clear that automated methods are needed to help biologists with the task of sequence annotation. Many researchers have developed tools for analyzing DNA sequences, but running multiple tools and interpr ...

Phylogenetic analysis is a powerful tool to study the relationships among sequences. From such relationships the origins, evolution, and possible changes in structural and functional properties of genes can be inferred.

Multiple protein and nucleic acid sequences are aligned for two principal purposes: to identify common motifs in sequences with a conserved biological function and to identify motifs in a newly characterized sequence that may provide insight into its biological functions. This is typi ...

Since the publication of the first rapid method for comparing biological sequences 15 years ago (1), DNA and protein sequence comparisons have become routine steps in biochemical characterization, from newly cloned proteins to entire genomes. As the DNA and protein sequence databases b ...

Although many commercial packages exist for molecular sequence analysis, they are typically expensive. Whereas many Web-based applications are available for sequence analysis, the Web interface cannot store data on remote servers and is awkward to use. A good alternative is to build a se ...

Staying current with the molecular biology literature has eased appreciably over the last few years, as information resource producers provide more of their information via the World Wide Web (WWW). The ability to access these resources using one access point (WWW) and single piece of softwa ...

A computational biology course is becoming an integral component of many graduate programs. It is clear that the students who are interested in pursuing training in computational biology possess substantially different levels of expertise. How then, does one best meet the needs of all par ...

This chapter discusses the current state of access to electronic journals on the Internet, some of the difficulties in getting access, and what we might expect to see in the future for these resources. The last section of the chapter discusses the use of the major Internet resources for obtaining inf ...

This chapter continues the discussion on searching the biomedical literature on the Internet started in Chapter 26. We will discuss searching the Science Citation Index as an adjunct to the information available in MEDLINE, and the use of current awareness services such as the Current Conte ...