细胞技术

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a nonprotein coding small RNA molecule that negatively regulates gene expression by degradation of mRNA or suppression of mRNA translation. MiRNA plays important roles in physiological processes such as cellular development, differentiation, proliferat ...

MicroRNAs are short single-stranded RNA molecules (18–25 nucleotides). Because of their ability to silence gene expressions, they can be used to diagnose and treat tumors. Experimental construction of microRNA libraries was the most important step to identify microRNAs from animal t ...

Aberrant expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a feature of many human tumors and is associated with disease progression, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis. Protein kinase B/Akt, an important downstr ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are postulated to be important regulators in various cancers, including leukemia. In a large-scale miRNA expression profiling analysis of 435 human miRNAs in 52 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples, we found that miR-126 and its minor counterpart in biogenesis, n ...

Epigenetic gene regulation is important in human cancer. Both functional and observational data implicate alterations of histone modifications, DNA promoter methylation, and non-coding RNA expression in carcinogenic roles. We sought to explore the role of aberrant DNA hyperme ...

The multiple-target AMO technology or MT-AMO technology is an innovative strategy, which confers on a single AMO fragment the capability of targeting multiple miRNAs. This modified AMO is single-stranded 2′-O-methyl-modified oligoribonucleotides carrying multiple AMO units, ...

MiRNA-masking antisense oligonucleotides technology (miR-mask) is an anti-microRNA antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (AMO) approach of a different sort. A standard miR-mask is single-stranded 2′-O-methyl-modified oligoribonucleotide (or other chemically mod ...

Changes in the structure and/or the expression of protein-coding genes were thought to be the major cause of cancer for many decades. However, the recent discovery of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts suggests that the molecular biology of cancer is far more complex. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key ...

MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in diverse physiological and developmental processes by controlling the gene expression of target mRNAs. They play important roles in almost all kinds of cancer where they modulate key processes during tumorigenesis su ...

The discovery of small regulatory RNA molecules during the last years has changed our understanding of many biological and pathological processes. The most prominent and best analyzed class of these small regulatory noncoding RNAs is composed of the microRNAs. The analysis of microRNA e ...

Experimental identification provides a valuable yet slow and expensive method for predicting novel miRNA genes. With the advent of computational procedures, it is now possible to capture characteristic features of miRNA biogenesis in an in silico model, resulting thereafter in the f ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, nonprotein-coding RNAs that negatively regulate their mRNA target genes in a sequence-specific manner. While their specific impact on biological processes and cellular functions remain largely unknown, dysregulated miRNAs have been implicated ...

The miRNA mimic technology (miR-Mimic) is an innovative approach for gene silencing. This approach is to generate nonnatural double-stranded miRNA-like RNA fragments. Such an RNA fragment is designed to have its 5′-end bearing a partially complementary motif to the selected sequence in t ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are negative gene regulators acting at the 3′UTR level, modulating the translation of cancer-related genes. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the 3′UTRs could impact the miRNA-dependent gene regulation either by weakening or by reinforcing the b ...

Determination of gene expression is essential for understanding the role of a given gene in normal cell growth or disease processes. Recently, newly described microRNAs have been shown to play a key role in the regulation of gene expression; in particular, deregulation of microRNAs is often as ...

Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and processing defects in their biogenesis pathway are a widespread phenomenon in tumors, conveying great importance to the analysis of miRNA expression, regulation, and biogenesis to gain knowledge about their role in cancer. Besides Dro ...

Micro RNA (miRNAs) are a class of 17–25 nucleotides noncoding RNAs that have been shown to have critical functions in a wide variety of biological processes. Measuring quantity of miRNAs in tissues of different physiological and pathological conditions is an important first step to invest ...

MicroRNA (miRNA), a large and growing class of 18–24-nucleotide long, noncoding RNA molecules in all known animal and plant genomes, is a key player in gene regulation. The functions of miRNA are yet to be understood with respect to how and where it is produced and the changes within an organism associat ...

The ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to act as a surrogate window into the presence and physiologic effects of pancreatic cancer is becoming increasingly apparent. In this chapter, we describe the techniques for isolation, lysis, RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and Q ...

Sequencing analyses have been invaluable in identifying the genes associated with pancreatic �carcinogenesis. However, whereas gene discovery related to carcinogenesis can be fairly straightforward, there are several additional aspects of experimental design that need ...