细胞技术

Ovarian cancer possesses metabolic properties typical for any malignancy as well as some specific characteristics. Most of the methodological approach to study metabolism and molecular composition of the living cells are suitable for ovarian cancer research, however, might req ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and genes work cooperatively to form the kernel part of gene regulatory system and affect many crucial biological processes. However, the detailed combinatorial roles of most miRNAs and genes in cellular processes and diseases are still unclear. The huge amount of dive ...

The detailed analysis of noncoding RNA is an upcoming necessity due to a plethora of recently identified components of this class of molecules. The investigation of their structure, directionality, intracellular localization, interaction with other cellular elements is useful to ...

The evaluation of microRNA profiles has represented one of the first approaches to investigate the aberrant microRNA expression in different human cancers, providing the first experimental evidence of the involvement of these small noncoding RNAs in the tumorigenic process. Curr ...

Alternative splicing is an essential process for the generation of protein diversity. The physiological role, cellular localization, and abundance of splice variant products compared to the wild-type protein may be completely different. This is illustrated by the five splice vari ...

The next-generation sequencing technology allows identification and cataloging of almost all mRNAs, even those with only one or a few transcripts per cell. To understand the chemotherapy response program in ovarian cancer cells at deep transcript sequencing levels, we applied two nex ...

Transcriptome profiling is a powerful method for monitoring genes and their expression levels under a variety of conditions. Completion of the human genome and advances in high-throughput gene microarray instrumentation enables one to collect large amounts of data in a relatively sh ...

Development of ovarian cancer is known to be associated with alterations in the expression of cellular RNAs. Most of the clinical and biological characteristics of ovarian cancer have been correlated with significant changes in the expression of a subset of genes. Over the last few years, con ...

Bisulfite pyrosequencing is a sequencing-by-synthesis method used to quantitatively determine the methylation of individual CG cytosines from PCR amplicons of a region up to 115 bases in length. The procedure relies on prior bisulfite conversion of all potentially methylated CG cy ...

Bisulfite sequencing of cloned alleles is a widely used method for capturing the methylation profiles of single alleles. This method combines PCR amplification of the bisulfite-modified DNA with the subcloning of the amplicons into plasmids followed by transformation into bacter ...

Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are critically important mediators of normal cell function over the course of our lives. These modifications therefore also can play prominent roles in the development of disorders and diseases, including ovarian cancer. Ge ...

There is a significant variation of outcome among ovarian cases. Clinical features such as age, stage, comorbidities, or degree of debulking are known prognostic factors for the disease. However, additional variation remains unexplained, some of which may be due to inherited factors. Her ...

The identification of genetic and epigenetic alterations from primary tumor cells has become a common method to discover genes critical to the development, progression, and therapeutic resistance of cancer. We seek to identify those genetic and epigenetic aberrations that have the m ...

This chapter covers the genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using microarray platforms, such as Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChips or HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. Using our previously published ovarian cancer dataset (Bauerschlag et al., Oncology 80: ...

Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mapping arrays are a reliable method for identifying somatic copy number alterations in cancer samples. Though this is immensely useful to identify potential driver genes, it is not sufficient to identify genes acting in a concerted manner. In can ...

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a relatively frequent malignant disease with a lifetime risk approaching to approximately 1 in 70. As many as 15–25 % OC arise due to known heterozygous germ-line mutations in DNA repair genes, such as BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, NBN (NBS1), BRIP, and PALB2. Sporadic ovarian cancers oft ...

The p53 tumor-suppressor gene plays a crucial role in the cellular response to stress (reviewed by Vogelstein et al. ). Under normal conditions, p53 is rapidly degraded and thus is not present in detectable levels within the cell. A variety of cellular stresses, including DNA damage and oncogene ac ...

Resistance to chemotherapy is a major source of failure in cancer treatment. A large number of cancers are intrinsically resistant to cytostatic agents; others initially respond to treatment, but subsequently develop a resistance to the drugs being used. Of the human solid malignancies, ...

Lung cancer is a devastating illness, and very few of the advances in chemotherapeutics have enhanced survival over the past decade. In order to make an impact on this disease, we must understand the molecular abnormalities to target better therapeutics. In this chapter, we will describe the bet ...

In this chapter we describe an approach to the analysis of human tumors that emphasizes the performance of multiple simultaneous measurements on each of several thousand cells in each tumor sample. This approach can be implemented using such technologies as flow cytometry, laser-scann ...