细胞技术

Activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor of κB (NF-κB), has recently emerged as the critical link between inflammation and cancer. NF-κB is activated by many signals including DNA damage and microbial pathogen recognition. Although microbial infections account for an e ...

NF-κB transcription factors marshal innate and adaptive immunity and inflammation. NF-κB also counters programmed cell death (PCD) induced by the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and this activity of NF-κB is crucial for organismal physiology, chronic infl ...

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is an inducible transcription factor that regulates the expression of many genes involved in normal immune and inflammatory responses. NF-κB activation is normally a rapid and transient response to pro-inflammatory stimuli however dysregulated con ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by pain, swelling and progressive destruction of synovial joints. The synovial membranes of the affected joints markedly increase in size due to infiltration of several cell types, of which macrophages, lym ...

Tumor cells recruit inflammatory cells to the tumor site and transform them into tumor-supportive cells which in turn release numerous cytokines, including Transforming Growth Factor-β that enhances tumor proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and induces immune paralysis. ...

Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is implicated in a wide array of cellular processes and also involved in the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which degrade extracellular matrix (ECM). We have shown that FAK plays a critical role in MMP-9 production and subsequent invasion of the ch ...

The Janus kinases (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling are strongly activated in many tumors. STAT proteins are activated by phosphorylation at the tyrosine residue, then dimerize, translocate to the nucleus and bind DNA, initiating the transcr ...

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (COXIBs) induce cancer cell apoptosis via several signaling pathways. There is evidence that they induce colon cancer cell apoptosis by suppressing peroxisome proliferat ...

Lung carcinoma remains one of the most common malignant tumors in the world despite recent advancements in the development of new chemotherapeutic agents for its treatment. Therefore, novel approaches for drug target discovery play an important role in the effort to help extend its dismal 5 ...

Within most human and murine cancers there is an abundant macrophage population, attracted to the tumor microenvironment by cytokines and chemokines such as CSF-1 (M-CSF) and CCL2 (MCP-1) (Cell 124:263–266, 2006). Despite their intrinsic antitumor activity there is usually, but not alway ...

In current cancer research, the application of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with specificity to tumor antigens is regarded as a real therapeutic hope. The objective of imaging is to provide a follow-up of these killer cells in real time, in order to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms and action ...

Histone deacetylase inhibitors are potent inducers of growth arrest and apoptotic cell death and are currently in clinical studies for solid tumors. In addition, recent studies from our own group provide evidence for an anti-inflammatory potency of HDACi in vitro and in vivo by using various ...

Selective delivery of drugs or imaging dyes to tumor is the central challenge for improving existing therapy and diagnosis of cancer. Phage display of random peptides has been used to identify homing peptides that are specific to tumor cells or tumor blood vessels. These homing peptides can be co ...

Melanoma of the skin is one of the most rapidly increasing malignancies in both young and old patients (1,2). Not only is the incidence increasing, but the number of annual deaths from melanoma is also on the rise worldwide (3). In the United States, melanoma will be diagnosed in 43,000 new patients each year a ...

In the last decade, many antigens expressed by tumors and recognized by the immune system have been identified. Melanoma was among the first tumors found to express such tumor-associated antigens, and, therefore, melanoma is currently one of the best and extensively studied tumors for which n ...

The multistep genetic alterations thought to involve both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are causally related to melanocytic transformation remain largely undetermined (1). Mapping of alterations to chromosome 6 indicates that multiple genetic loci on 6q contribute ...

The development of melanoma and its precursor lesions has been associated with intense intermittent sun exposure and the deleterious effects of ultraviolet (UV) light (1). This is supported by epidemiologic data as well as several animal models in which melanoma could be induced or promot ...

For nearly 100 yr physicians and scientists have appreciated the carcinogenic potential of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight 0(1,2). During the latter part of the twentieth century, immunologists and dermatologists realized that UV radiation suppressed the immune ...

The use of antisense oligonucleotides as both research tools and therapeutic molecules has emerged as a powerful alternative to small molecule inhibitors. Antisense oligonucleotides are short pieces of chemically modified DNA designed to hybridize to specific mRNA sequences p ...

Structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities have been observed in all types of malignancies. These events are associated with neoplastic pathogenesis and progression (1). For a long time, conventional cytogenetics analysis was the prevalent approach in assessing chro ...