细胞技术

Anti-cancer therapy is largely comprised of radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy treatments. Although a single mode of therapy can be effective in treating certain types of cancer, none presents a cure. Multi-modal therapy, the use of two or more agents in combination (e.g., radiation and che ...

Rho GTPases including RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 are a class of intracellular signaling proteins critical for the regulation of cytoskeleton organization, adhesion, and migration. Molecular mechanisms of mammalian cell migration were first revealed in fibroblasts where RhoA, Rac1, and ...

During embryonic development in Drosophila, rodents, and other organisms, primordial germ cells (PGCs) migrate from their points of origin to the nascent gonads, where they give rise to germ line stem cells. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity is required for normal migration of primo ...

The hallmark of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is their motility, which is essential for their function, such as recruitment upon demand. Stromal Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1, CXCL12) and its major receptor CXCR4 play major roles in stem cell motility and development. In vitro mi ...

It is likely that adult epithelial stem cells will be useful in the treatment of diseases, such as ectodermal dysplasias, monilethrix, Netherton syndrome, Menkes disease, hereditary epidermolysis bullosa, and alopecias. Additionally, other skin problems such as burn wounds, chron ...

Targeted migration is a necessary attribute for any gene delivery vehicle. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used as effective delivery vehicles for treatments against cancer, graft versus host disease, �arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and many other diseases. MSC migrate towa ...

Adult neural progenitors originating is the subventricular zone (SVZ) proceed toward the olfactory bulb (OB) along a peculiar path of migration known as the rostral migratory stream. Once reaching the inner core of the bulb, neuroblasts migrate radially to various layers of the adult OB where ...

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are located in the bone marrow in zones of residence specialized in supporting them which are referred to as niches. It is in such a specialized niche that normal HSPCs are maintained to perform their self-renewal and differentiation duties in a h ...

The tracking of immunofluorescent labeled hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSC/HPC) within the bone marrow (BM) cavity allows the assessment of the regulatory processes involved in transendothelial migration, trans-marrow migration, and finally lodgement into the H ...

Recent advances in cell biology have demonstrated the role of multiple signaling proteins in the transduction of external signals to cytoplasmic and nuclear effectors, controlling the movement and/or retention of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors (HSC/P) within the bone ma ...

In the developing central nervous system (CNS), neural stem cells undergo a complex series of �morphogenetic and motile events. Errors in neural stem cell proliferation or migration cause serious brain developmental disorders. However, the relative importance of each step in neurog ...

A stem cell niche is a specialized tissue environment that controls the proliferation and differentiation of its resident stem cells. The functions of these structures have been well characterized in adult organisms. In particular, the bone marrow stem cell niche in mammals has been amena ...

Drosophila melanogaster offers a powerful system for the analysis of cell migration. In the embryo, �pluripotent cells of the mesodermal and endodermal primordia undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transitions and cell migration, while primordial germ cells migrate through an en ...

Compared with other vertebrate animal models, zebrafish (Danio rerio) has its superior advantages for studying stem cell migration. Zebrafish have similar tissues and organs as mammals, where tissue-specific stem cells reside in. Zebrafish eggs are externally fertilized and rema ...

The use of transgenic mice in which tissue or lineage-specific, cell-restricted promoters drive fluorescent reporters has recently been reported as a means to follow the in vivo migration of various hematopoietic cells during murine development. At present there is limited ability of t ...

Conventional reporter gene technology and histological methods cannot routinely be used to track the in vivo behavior of embryonic stem (ES) cells longitudinally after cellular transplantation. Here we describe a protocol for monitoring the in vivo survival, proliferation, and mi ...

The ability to examine cells tagged with fluorescent proteins in vivo has led to exciting advances in molecular neurobiology. The integral role of Schwann cells in nerve regeneration is well characterized, but not until recently has dynamic imaging of these critical cells been possible. U ...

Noninvasive cellular imaging allows the real-time tracking of grafted cells as well as the monitoring of their migration. In this review, we will focus on cell tracking using MRI, since MRI is noninvasive, clinically transferable, and displays good resolution, ranging from 50 μm in animal exp ...

It has been thought for a long time that the adult brain is incapable of generating new neurons, or that neurons cannot be added to its complex circuitry. However, recent technology has resulted in an explosion of research demonstrating that neurogenesis, or the birth of new neurons from adult stem ce ...

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are defined by the capabilities of multi-lineage differentiation and long-term self-renewal. Both these characteristics contribute to maintain the homeostasis of the system and allow the restoration of hematopoiesis after insults, such as infe ...