细胞技术

Planar cell polarity was first described in invertebrates over 20 years ago and is defined as the polarity of cells (and cell structures) within the plane of a tissue, such as an epithelium. Studies in the last 10 years have identified critical roles for vertebrate homologs of these planar cell polar ...

The Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway plays a critical role in wing, eye, neural tube defects, and sensory bristle development of Drosophila and vertebrate development. Recently, the Wnt/PCP pathway has been known to regulate convergent extension (CE) movements that are ...

The polarity of hairs on the adult Drosophila wing provides information about the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling events that occur during pupal wing development. We have recently shown that PCP signaling also determines the orientation of cuticle ridges that traverse the surface of ...

Gastrulation is a complex set of cellular rearrangements that establish the overall shape of the body plan during development. In addition to being an essential and fascinating aspect of development, the cells of the gastrulating zebrafish embryo also provide an ideal in vivo system to study ...

The planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is a β-catenin-independent branch of the Wnt signaling cascade. In vertebrate embryos PCP signaling regulates morphogenetic events including convergent extension (CE) movements during gastrualtion. Xenopus embryo has been established ...

When you look at the dorsal thorax of a fruitfly, you can easily get fascinated by the high degree of alignment of the bristles that show a strong polarization in their surface organization. This organization of cells in the plane of the epithelium is known as planar cell polarity (PCP), and was initially c ...

Planar cell polarity (PCP) is the polarization of cells within the plane of an epithelial cell layer. PCP is important in many tissues in different processes. In the kidney, it is hypothesized to be important in acquiring and maintaining correct tubular diameter. Aberrant PCP has been shown to be in ...

Live imaging is critical for understanding the structure and activities of protein interaction networks in cells. By tagging proteins of interest with fluorescent proteins, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), their localization in cells can be determined and correlated with ce ...

The increased availability of mouse models of human genetic ciliary diseases has led to advances in our understanding of the diverse cellular roles played by cilia. The family of so-called “ciliopathies” includes Alstr�m Syndrome, Bardet–Biedl Syndrome, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, ...

Recent accumulating data indicate links between planer cell polarity (PCP) and apicobasal (AB) polarity in epithelial cells. PCP regulatory genes have been shown to be involved in the establishment of AB polarity in addition to regulating PCP. We have shown that the gut tube of the mouse embryo is a u ...

Wnt5a is a representative ligand that activates the β-catenin-independent pathway of Wnt signaling in mammals. This pathway might be related to planar cell polarity signaling in Drosophila. Because reliable biochemical assays to measure Wnt5a pathway activity have not yet been esta ...

Planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway of Wnt signaling plays a crucial role to establish the polarization of cells during tissue development. Our recent findings using in vitro analyses have revealed that Ror2, a member of the Ror-family receptor tyrosine kinases, acts as a receptor or co-recept ...

Parietal endoderm (PE) migration is the first long-range migratory event in the mammalian embryo contributing to the parietal yolk sac. PE migration can be studied in vitro using the F9 teratocarcinoma stem cell model system. We have found that PE migration is directed and modulated via the Plan ...

Murine Prickle2 but not Prickle1 gene expression was induced in C1300 neuroblastoma cell line during neurite-like process formation induced by all trans-retinoic acid (RA). Overexpression of Prickle1 or Prickle2 in C1300 cells induced striking neurite-like process formation w ...

The mammalian cochlea offers a unique opportunity to study the effects of planar cell polarity signaling during vertebrate development. First, convergence and extension play a role in outgrowth and cellular patterning within the duct, and second, hair cell stereociliary bundles are u ...

Multicellular tissues and organs often show planar cell polarity (PCP) where the constituent cells align along an axis to form coordinated patterns. Mammalian eye lenses are mainly comprised of epithelial-derived fibre cells, which exhibit highly ordered alignment that is regulat ...

Mutations have been identified in a non-canonical Wnt signalling cascade (the planar cell polarity pathway) in several mouse genetic models of severe neural tube defects. In each of these models, neurulation fails to be initiated at the 3–4 somite stage, leading to an almost entirely open neural ...

Gastrulation is comprised of a series of cell polarization and directional cell migration events that establish the physical body plan of the embryo. One of the major ligand-based pathways that has emerged to play crucial roles in the regulation of gastrulation is the non-canonical Wnt sign ...

A severely malfunctioning liver, due to acute liver injury or chronic liver disease, can lead to hepatic failure. The ultimate treatment for hepatic failure is liver transplantation; however, the availability of donors is a critical issue. Therefore, regenerative therapy is an anticip ...

In this chapter, from the engineering point of view, we introduce the results from our group and related research on three typical configurations of engineered liver tissues; cell sheet-based tissues, sheet-like macroporous scaffold-based tissues, and tissues based on special scaff ...