细胞技术

Among the several drug delivery systems, liposomes – phospholipid nanosized vesicles with a bilayered membrane structure – have drawn a lot of interest as advanced and versatile pharmaceutical carriers for both low and high molecular weight pharmaceuticals. At present, liposomal f ...

Pathological conditions such as hypoxia and inflammation can lead to the development of cell membrane-lesions. The presence of these membrane-lesions leads to egress of intracellular macromolecules as well as exposure of intracellular microenvironment to the extracellular ...

Efficacy of therapeutically active drugs known to act on intracellular targets can be enhanced by specific delivery to the site of action. Triphenylphosphonium cations can be used to create subcellular targeted liposomes that efficiently deliver drugs to mitochondria, thus enhan ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most widely used imaging modalities in contemporary medicine to obtain images of pathological areas. Still, there is a big effort to facilitate the accumulation of contrast in the required zone and further increase a local spatial concentration of a contr ...

Liposomal oligopeptides are one of the promising nanocarriers to deliver a drug, DNA or siRNA to target tissues. In this chapter, we describe our methodology to develop liposomal oligopeptides targeting to tumor angiogenic vessels. At first, we introduce our strategies to identify obje ...

In general, cellular internalization of macromolecular drugs encapsulated in liposomes proceeds via endocytosis. This potentially leads to degradation of the liposome-encapsulated macromolecular content within the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Therefore, b ...

ATP cannot be effectively delivered to most tissues including the ischemic myocardium without protection from degradation by plasma endonucleotidases. However, it has been established that ATP can be delivered to various tissues by its encapsulation within liposomal preparat ...

Healthy cells must maintain a high content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) because almost all energy-requiring processes in cells are driven, either directly or indirectly, by hydrolysis of ATP. During ischemia or hypoxia, reduced blood flow or disturbed oxygen supply results in the dis ...

Cationic liposomes composed of 3β- cholesterol (DC–Chol) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) (DC–Chol/DOPE liposome, molar ratio, 1:1 or 3:2) prepared by the dry-film method have been often used as non-viral gene delivery vectors. We have shown that a more efficient transfec ...

Vectors proposed for gene delivery generally fall into two categories: viral and nonviral. They differ primarily in their assembling process. A viral vector is assembled in a cell, whereas a nonviral vector is constructed in a test tube. While vectors based on viral-based delivery systems are r ...

One of the bottlenecks to achieve gene or drug delivery to cells is the spatio-temporal release of the cargo to effect the correct task whereever and whenever it is supposed to. The aim of this chapter is to describe the synthesis and properties of lipids, which can form liposome complexes with DNA and to fa ...

Nanoliposome, or submicron bilayer lipid vesicle, is a new technology for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactive agents. The list of bioactive material that can be incorporated to nanoliposomes is immense, ranging from pharmaceuticals to cosmetics and nutraceuticals. Becau ...

To provide long circulating nanoparticles which can carry a gene to tumors, we have designed anionic pegylated lipoplexes that are pH sensitive. Anionic pegylated lipoplexes have been prepared from the combined formulation of cationic lipoplexes and pegylated anionic liposomes. ...

In the last two decades, cationic liposomes have been investigated as vehicles for nucleic acids delivery in vitro and in vivo. The formation of cationic liposomes–nucleic acids complexes, termed lipoplexes, depends on a number of experimental variables. The quality of the nucleic acid and ...

With the recent discovery of small interfering RNA (siRNA), to silence the expression of genes in vitro and in vivo, there has been a need to deliver these molecules to the cell nucleus. Forming a lipid/nucleic acid complex has become a solution and is explored here. Certain methods and ideas are used, such ...

Gene delivery with a physical mechanism using ultrasound (US) and nano/microbubbles is expected as an ideal system in terms of delivering plasmid DNA noninvasively into a specific target site. We developed novel liposomal bubbles (Bubble liposomes (BLs)) containing the lipid nanobu ...

In a magnetofection procedure, self-assembling complexes of enhancers like cationic lipids with plasmid DNA or small interfering RNA (siRNA) are associated with magnetic nanoparticles and are then concentrated at the surface of cultured cells by applying a permanent inhomogene ...

A major limiting factor for the wide application of pH-sensitive liposomes is their recognition and sequestration by the phagocytes of the reticulo-endothelial system, which conditions a very shortcirculation half-life. Typically prolonged circulation of liposomes is achi ...

Dried reconstituted vesicles (DRV) are liposomes that are formulated under mild conditions and have the capability to entrap substantially high amounts of hydrophilic solutes (compared with other types of liposomes). These characteristics make this liposome type ideal for entr ...

pH-sensitive liposomes have been designed to deliver active compounds, specifically to acidic intracellular organelles and to augment their cytoplasmic concentrations. These systems combine the protective effects of other liposomal formulations with specific enviro ...