细胞技术

The hair follicle is a highly complex appendage of the skin containing a multiplicity of cell types. The follicle undergoes constant cycling through the life of the organism including growth and resorption with growth dependent on specific stem cells. The targeting of the follicle by genes and ...

Mesenchymal cells have been cultured successfully for many years owing to the ease of their culturability. With the advent of more complex growth media, and some changes to methods, it has become possible to culture epithelial cell types from a wide variety of rodent and human tissue sources succ ...

Cell culture has become an integral part of the daily routine of most oncology laboratories. It has enabled researchers to investigate a wide range of cellular parameters in a defined system in which the experimental conditions can be controlled and repeated. Although the manufacturers of t ...

Because of its cellular complexity and regional heterogeneity, the mammalian central nervous system is not easily amenable for experimental analysis. The study of the developing brain becomes even more complicated because of the differential growth rates of different parts of the br ...

The thyroid gland contains two populations of epithelial cells, of quite different embryological origin and function. Only the major component—the follicular cells—will be considered here. The minor C cell population, which forms only a few percent, can be ignored for the purposes of prim ...

With the advent in 1969 of the collagenase-perfusion technique for the high-yield preparation of isolated, differentiated hepatocytes (1), easy establishment of primary cultures of hepatocytes was made possible. Since then, this experimental system has been increasingly used in ...

The bulk volume (about 85%) of the mammalian liver parenchyma is contributed by the hepatocytes, whereas at least four other types of cells constitute the remainder (1). Procedures for the isolation of all five cell types have been described, although not from the same liver. However, the isolation ...

There are a number of functional, metabolic differences between periportal and perivenous hepatocytes in the mammalian liver resulting from zonal differences in the activity of several enzymes, and possibly from morphological differences as well (1). Examples of key enzymes where t ...

There are several preadipocyte cell lines reported, but in this chapter, we will describe mainly the 3T3-L1 cells, which are best characterized and widely used for molecular biological studies. The 3T3-L1 cells were clonally isolated by Green and Kehinde from 3T3-Swiss albino. When these cel ...

Hormonally defined serum-free media have been developed for growth and functional studies with kidney epithelial cell cultures. Not only can several established kidney epithelial cell lines (MDCK and LLC-PK1) be grown in a serum-free environment (1,2), but in addition, primary cultur ...

In its simple forms, no special difficulty attaches to the tissue culture of skeletal muscle. Indeed, it is one of the easiest tissues to culture in large amounts because the starting material, skeletal muscle, is plentiful and readily obtainable from a wide variety of species, including humans. ...

This article will describe the basic techniques required for successful cell culture. It will also act to introduce some of the other chapters in this volume. It is not intended, as this volume is not, to describe the establishment of a tissue culture laboratory, nor to provide a historical or theoret ...

The ability to derive permanent tissue culture lines (1) of pluripotential stem cell lines (ES cells) from mouse embryos has provided a valuable model system for fundamental research into the cellular differentiation processes occuring in the normal embryo. Perhaps the most attracti ...

The culture of differentiated cells requires conditions that acknowledge the complicated cell-cell interactions that both occur in vivo and are responsible for affecting and maintaining the differentiated states of cells. In brief, one must use conditions that mimic the epitheli ...

The maintenance of normal primitive hemopoietic cell types in culture for long periods can be achieved either by culture of hemopoietic cells in association with bone marrow-derived stromal cells, as in long-term cultures, or by establishing factor-dependent primitive hemopoiet ...

High proliferative potential colony forming cells (HPP-CFC) in mouse bone marrow (BM) were defined functionally by their ability to form large colonies, greater than 0.5 mm diameter, and containing an average of 5 � 104 cells, in low-cell-density nutrient agar cultures after 10–14 d of incubati ...

The molecular phagocytic lineage comprises, in order of increasing maturity, the committed macrophage precursor cell, the monoblast, promonocyte, monocyte and the macrophage. Methods for the preparation and culture of bone marrow-derived macrophages, developed by Stanley and ...

Nearly all hematopoietic cells in mammals derive from precursors that undergo much or all of their development in the bone marrow. In vitro models for many lineages are available and represent modifications of the original bone marrow culture system designed by Dexter and Lajtha (1) and descr ...

Major advances in our understanding of human hematopoiesis have come from the development of semisolid in vitro culture techniques for the detection of progenitor cells capable of colony formation (see Chapter 28, this volume). However, colony assays select for hematopoietic precur ...

Agar culture systems for the clonal growth and differentiation of hemopoietic cells were first described 20 yr ago (1). The progenitor cells that developed into colonies in agar after several days of culture in the presence of a source of hemopoietic growth factor (2,3) were initially called “Co ...