细胞技术

The relatively recent discovery of persistent adult neurogenesis has led to the experimental isolation and characterization of central nervous system neural stem cell populations. Protocols for in vitro analysis and expansion of neural stem cells are crucial for understanding t ...

The bone marrow is clearly much more than a reservoir of stem cells that repopulates blood cell lineages throughout life. The marrow also contains nonhematopoietic stem cells, which are much more versatile than previously appreciated. These nonhematopoietic stem/progenitor cells ...

We document the protocols and methods for the production of immortalized cell lines of human neural stem cells from the human fetal central nervous system (CNS) cells by using a retroviral vector encoding v-myc oncogene. One of the human neural stem cell lines (HB1.F3) was found to express nestin and ...

Neural stem and progenitor cells offer great potential for treatment of neurological disorders. Both neurologic and neurological were used in text; the latter was more common. Note changes have been made to match in title and text body. The current strategies of isolation, expansion, and char ...

The working definition of a stem cell includes self-renewal and the ability to differentiate into several cell types. There are also aspects of clonality and potency. Stem cells can be derived from early embryos after the formation of the blastocyst or from fetal, postnatal, or adult sources. Neu ...

The ends of chromosomes consist of a hexanucleotide DNA repeat sequence and specialized DNA-binding and telomere-associated proteins. An enzyme activity called telomerase maintains telomere length by using an RNA template (TR) and a reverse transcriptase (TERT) to add the hexanuc ...

Neural stem and progenitor cells (referred to here as NSCs), located in the proliferative zones of embryonic brains, can be seen undergoing mitosis at the ventricular surface. Mitotic NSCs can be arrested in metaphase and chromosome “spreads” produced to reveal their chromosomal comple ...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Symptoms include tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and instability. Neural transplantation is a promising strategy for improving dopaminer ...

We describe three rapid procedures for the in vitro investigation of molecular factors influencing the migration of neural precursors derived from embryonic or postnatal neural stem cells. In the first assay, factors influencing chain migration from the anterior subventricular z ...

I provide detailed protocols for conduction and troubleshooting the key steps in our three most used experimental designs: (1) prospectively counting and sorting of human neural stem cells (NSCs)/committed progenitors before placing them in culture; (2) high-throughput methods of ...

In trauma to, and diseases of, the central nervous system (CNS), apoptotic events are frequently observed in and around areas of damage. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their progeny have been suggested as possible therapeutic agents in the treatment of CNS diseases. The success of stem ce ...

Embryonic stem (ES) cells hold promise to treat a variety of disease. The major obstacle is to determine the requirements that will drive these cells to a particular lineage. Two approaches to examine lineage commitment are the addition of growth factors or directed differentiation of ES cells. ...

Isolating pure stem cell populations is one of the major obstacles in stem cell gene expression profiling due to the lack of stem cell markers. Many results of gene expression profiling studies are difficult to interpret because of the heterogeneous cell populations used in these studies. Sin ...

Electroporation has emerged as an effective method for cell labeling and manipulation of gene expression. In the past decade, electroporation applications have expanded to include in vivo chick, mouse, Xenopus, and zebrafish techniques, along with numerous in vitro strategies for ce ...

Transplantation of neural cells engineered to produce growth factors or molecules with antitumor effects have the potential of grafted cells to be used as vectors for protein delivery in animal models of diseases. In this context, neural stem cells (NSCs), since their identification, have ...

Bromodeoxyuridine, variously abbreviated as BrdU, BudR, and BrdUrd, is a halogenated thymidine analog that is permanently integrated into the DNA of dividing cells during DNA synthesis in S phase. BrdU can be immunocytochemically detected in vitro and in vivo, allowing the identificat ...

Fully understanding the phenotype of neurons in vivo involves examining their morphology, immunocytochemically analyzing their protein expression, examining their afferent and efferent integration into neuronal microcircuitry, and functionally examining their a ...

The study of neuronal connectivity requires the ability to trace axons from the neuronal cell body to its axon terminal (anterograde tracing) and from the terminal back to the soma (retrograde tracing). Such neuroanatomical tracing is frequently used to identify neurons on the basis of their ...

Grafting neural stem cells is a widely used experimental approach to central nervous system (CNS) repair after trauma or neurodegeneration. It is likely to be a realistic clinical therapy for human CNS disorders in the near future. One of the challenges of this approach is the ability to identify b ...

Grafting neural stem cell to facilitate repair after central nervous system (CNS) injury is being used in many laboratories. The technical challenges of this approach include the ability to maintain the viability of the cells before grafting, to be minimally invasive with the grafting met ...