生物化学技术

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine which is involved in many inflammatory processes and in the development of cancer. In addition, IL-6 has been shown to be important for the induction of hepatic acute-phase proteins, for the regeneration of the liver and for the stimulation of B-cells. IL-6 binds to a t ...

Cytokines are important mediators of host defense and immunity, and were first identified for their role in immunity to infections. It was then found that some of them are pathogenic mediators in inflammatory diseases and much of the emphasis is now on pro-inflammatory cytokines, also in consi ...

The hematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin (Epo) circulates in plasma and controls the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood (Fisher. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 228:1–14, 2003). Epo is produced primarily in the adult kidney and fetal liver and was originally believed to play a role restricted ...

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a pleiotropic type I cytokine that has been identified as a major endogenous tissue protective molecule. In response to injury, EPO and a distinct receptor are expressed with a characteristic temporal and spatial expression pattern. Together, these serve to limit ...

Cerebral malaria (CM) is still responsible for unacceptable death rate, while new antimalarial drugs were recently developed. CM pathophysiology shares essential biological features with cerebral ischemia. Because erythropoietin (Epo) was demonstrated to reduce mortal ...

The evaluation of respiratory parameters often requires the use of anesthetics (that depress the neural �network controlling respiration), and/or ways to restrain the animal’s mobility (that produces a stress-dependent increase of respiration). Consequently, the establish ...

Extensive research during the last decade demonstrated that a single systemic administration of �erythropoietin (EPO) lead to significant attenuation of myocardial infarction (MI) induced in animals, mostly small rodents, either by a myocardial ischemia followed by reperfus ...

The exogenous delivery of erythropoietin (EPO) and EPO derivatives (EPO-Ds) represents a valuable strategy to protect the retina from degeneration. In this chapter we describe a method to deliver EPO and the EPO derivative S100E in the light-damage model of induced retinal degeneration u ...

The role of erythropoietin (Epo) has been demonstrated in tissues outside the hematopoietic system, including the cardiovascular system, where Epo promotes various effects in endothelial cells. Here, we have demonstrated the angiogenic capacity of recombinant human Epo (rhuEpo) ...

Chronic pain affects as many as one in five people. A proportion of patients with symptoms of neuropathic �pain do not have clinical signs of any obvious tissue or nerve injury. Such patients include those with diffuse limb pain, back pain, and complex regional pain syndrome type 1. These patients rem ...

Small-diameter nerve fibers, which subserve nociception, can be affected early in peripheral neuropathies, although their injury may not be detectable by routine neurophysiologic tests. On the other hand, skin biopsy has proved to be a reliable tool to examine nonmyelinated nerve fibe ...

Neuropathic pain following nerve injury is a chronic disease characterized by allodynia and hyperalgesia of either mechanical or thermal origin. The mechanism underlying this disease is poorly understood leading to pharmacologic and physiotherapeutic control that is often i ...

The search for potential drugs to treat neurodegenerative diseases has been intense in the last two decades. Among many candidates, erythropoietin (EPO) was identified as a potent protectant of neurons suffering from various adverse conditions. A wide array of literature indicates th ...

Erythropoietin (EPO) has neuroprotective effects in many models of damage and disease of the nervous system where neuroinflammation plays a substantial role, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Since the fir ...

Cell-based assays represent approximately half of all high-throughput screens (HTS) currently performed. Here we review the history and status of HTS, and summarize some of the challenges and benefits associated with the use of cell-based assays in HTS, drawing upon themes that will reeme ...

Now that automated image-acquisition instruments (high-throughput microscopes) are commercially available and becoming more widespread, hundreds of thousands of cellular images are routinely generated in a matter of days. Each cellular image generated in a high-throughput ...

High-throughput screening (HTS) covers a range of measurements, from primary screens of either large libraries (250 K) or small, focused collections (100–1,000 s) of test compounds, to secondary screens used to characterize the mechanism of action of a relatively small number of compounds. ...

While many high-throughput screening campaigns involve the measurement of protein levels or locations, at times it is desirable to measure the levels of gene expression in response to small molecules. Here, we describe a method for capturing mRNA in multiwell plates following compound tr ...

The HyperCyt� high-throughput (HT) flow cytometry sampling platform uses a peristaltic pump, in combination with an autosampler, and a novel approach to data collection, to circumvent time-delay bottlenecks of conventional flow cytometry. This approach also dramatically reduc ...

Her2 (ErbB2) protein is overexpressed in breast and other solid tumors, and its expression is associated with progressive disease. Current therapies directed toward Her2 either block dimerization of the receptor or inhibit tyrosine kinase activity to disrupt intracellular sign ...