17β-Estradiol

主要的围绝经期生物活性雌激素及睾酮的活性代谢物；结合到雌激素受体上，受体位于细胞核、细胞质和质膜，并根据位置诱导基因转录或非基因组的细胞内信号传导；调节女性的生殖发育和男性的精子发生，以及包括脂质和葡萄糖稳态、骨量维持、认知、能量平衡和血管扩张等各种非生殖过程；缺乏雌激素与疲劳、尿失禁、骨质疏松症、抑郁症、情绪不稳定和潮热相关。The major pre-menopausal bioactive estrogen and an active metabolite of testosterone; binds to estrogen receptors localized to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane and induces gene transcription or non-genomic intracellular signaling in a location-dependent manner; regulates reproductive development in females and spermatogenesis in males, as well as various non-reproductive processes including lipid and glucose homeostasis, bone mass maintenance, cognition, energy balance, and dilation of blood vessels; deficiency is associated with fatigue, incontinence, osteoporosis, depression, emotional instability, and hot flashes.