Anti-CaVα2δ4 (extracellular)-A

Anti-Ca_Vα2δ4 (extracellular)-ATTO-594

Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta
Cat #: ACC-2104-AR
Sizes: 50 µl
Source: Rabbit
Type: Polyclonal
Applications: IC, LCI
May also work in: IH
Reactivity: M, R

Application key:

CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, IC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IH- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot

Species reactivity key:

H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat

Alomone Labs is pleased to offer a highly specific antibody directed against an extracellular epitope of mouse Ca_Vα2δ4. Anti-Ca_Vα2δ4 (extracellular) antibody (#ACC-104) can be used in western blot, immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical applications. It has been designed to recognize Ca_Vα2δ4 from rat and mouse samples.

We are pleased to offer a new version of this antibody that is directly labeled with an ATTO-594 fluorescent dye. ATTO dyes are characterized by strong absorption (high extinction coefficient), high fluorescence quantum yield, and high photo-stability. The ATTO-594 fluorescent label belongs to the class of Rhodamine dyes and can be used with fluorescent equipment typically optimized to detect Texas Red and Alexa-594. Anti-Ca_Vα2δ4 (extracellular)-ATTO-594 antibody (#ACC-104-AR) has been tested in immunocytochemistry and is specially suited for experiments requiring simultaneous labeling of different markers.

• Applications
• Specifications
• Scientific Background
• Related Products

Live cell imaging / Immunocytochemistry
See immunocytochemistry.
Immunocytochemistry

Expression of  Ca_Vα2δ4 in rat PC-12 cells
Immunocytochemical staining of intact living PC-12 cells A, B. Extracellular staining of cells with Anti- Ca_Vα2δ4 (extracellular)-ATTO-594 antibody (#ACC-104-AR), (red), (1:25). DAPI is used as the counterstain (blue).
Immunogen
Peptide (C)SERPQEMGRLLGEADG, corresponding to amino acid residues 881-896 of mouse Ca_vα2δ4 (Accession Q5RJF7). Extracellular.

Homology

Rat - 15/16 amino acid residues identical.
Human - not recommended for use with human samples.

PurityAffinity purified on immobilized antigen.
FormulationLyophilized powder. Reconstituted antibody contains phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 1% BSA, 0.05% NaN₃.
LabelATTO-594. Maximum absorption 601 nm; maximum fluorescence 627 nm. The fluorescence is excited most efficiently in the 580 - 615 nm range. This label is related to the Rhodamine dyes and can be used with filters used to detect Texas Red and Alexa-594.
Standard quality control of each lotWestern blot analysis (unlabeled antibody, #ACC-104), and immunocytochemistry (labeled antibody).
Peptide confirmationConfirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
Storage before reconstitutionThe antibody ships as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon arrival, it should be stored at -20°C.
Reconstitution50 µl double distilled water (DDW).
Antibody concentration after reconstitution1 mg/ml.
Storage after reconstitutionThe reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C, protected from the light, for up to 1 week. For longer periods, small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. Avoid multiple freezing and thawing. Centrifuge all antibody preparations before use (10000 × g 5 min).
Control antigen storage before reconstitutionLyophilized powder can be stored intact at room temperature for 2 weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.
Control antigen reconstitution100 µl double distilled water (DDW).
Control antigen storage after reconstitution-20ºC.
Preadsorption Control1 µg peptide per 1 µg antibody.
Scientific background

Voltage-gated Ca²⁺ (Ca_V) channels are ubiquitously expressed and function as Ca²⁺ conducting pores in the plasma membrane¹. Based on their electrophysiological and pharmacological properties, Ca²⁺ channels have traditionally been classified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R types². L-type Ca²⁺ channels are heteromultimers composed of four independently encoded proteins, the pore-forming α1 subunit, which triggers Ca²⁺ flow across the membrane, and the auxiliary subunits α2δ, γ, and β³. The Ca²⁺ channel α2δ subunit is a heavily glycosylated protein that is encoded by a single gene and post-translationally cleaved to yield α2 and δ subunits linked by a disulfide bond with a single transmembrane segment⁴.

The α2δ subunit regulates many functional aspects of Ca²⁺ channels, such as gating, regulating voltage dependent kinetics, and increasing functional channel density on the plasma membrane⁵.  There are four proteins that comprise Ca_Vα2δ: Ca_Vα2δ1, Ca_Vα2δ2, Ca_Vα2δ3 and Ca_Vα2δ4⁶. Ca_Vα2δ4 participates in the regulation of membrane expression of Ca_V channels. It is predominantly expressed in certain types of endocrine cells. It is also detected in the erythroblasts in the fetal liver, in the cells of the zona reticularis of the adrenal gland and in the basophiles of the pituitary⁷. Defects in Ca_Vα2δ4 are the cause of retinal cone dystrophy 4 (RCD4). RCD4 is characterized by minimal symptoms except for slowly progressive reduction in visual acuity⁸.

References

1. Catterall, W.A. (2000) Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol. 16, 521.
2. Qin, N. et al. (2002) Mol. Pharmacol. 62, 485.
3. De Jongh, K.S. et al. (1990)   J. Biol. Chem. 265, 14738.
4. Sipos, I. et al. (2000) Pflug. Arch. 439, 691.
5. Dolphin, A.C. (2009) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 19, 237.
6. Cooper C.L. et al. (1987)   J. Biol. Chem. 262, 509.
7. Wycisk, K.A. et al. (2006) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 47, 3523.