BioLegend 592106 Recombinant Human IL-18 (carrier-free) 产品简介: 产品品牌:BioLegend 产品货号:592106 产品名称:BioLegend 592106 Recombinant Human IL-18 (carrier-free) 产品规格:100 µg
产品说明: Regulatory Status RUO Other Names Interferon-gamma-inducing factor, IGIF, IL-1g, IL18, IL1F4
描述 IL-18首次被鉴定为IFN-β诱导因子(IGIF)。它是细胞因子IL-1家族的一员,与IL-1β类似,IL-18最初是作为一种无信号肽的无活性前体合成的,并被激活的胱天蛋白酶1切割成成熟形式。FASL诱导IL-18的Caspase I非依赖性成熟。成熟的IL-18直接与IL-18受体α链结合,然后募集IL-18受体β链形成高亲和力复合物。高亲和力复合物募集MyD88并导致IRAK/TRAF6通路激活和NF-κB核转位。IL-18与IL-12联合对IFNβ的产生显示出协同作用。在没有共刺激的情况下,单独的IL-18不能诱导IFNβ的产生。IL-18可诱导脾细胞、肝巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞和自然杀伤细胞产生IFNβ。IL-18还增强了GM-CSF和IL-12的产生。IL-18通过与IL-12协同作用增强Th1细胞发育,并在TCR激活的情况下促进Th2细胞分化。IL-18在自身免疫性和炎症性疾病中起主要作用。它与许多疾病有关,如湿疹、银屑病、炎症性肠病、代谢综合征、噬血细胞综合征、败血症和急性肾损伤。阻断IL-18活性是治疗自身免疫性疾病的一种有吸引力的方法。研究表明,IL-18的中和降低了小鼠肠道IFNβ和TNFα的产生,并导致结肠炎严重程度的剂量依赖性降低。IL-18还能够诱导血管生成、迁移、增殖和免疫逃逸,并与癌症有关。一些出版物表明,IL-18基因多态性可能是多种癌症的危险因素。 IL-18 was first identified as IFN-βinducing factor (IGIF). It is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and similar to IL-1β, IL-18 is initially synthesized as an inactive precursor without a signal peptide and is cleaved into the mature form by activated caspase 1. Caspase I-independent maturation of IL-18 is induced by FASL. Mature IL-18 binds directly to the IL-18 receptor alpha chain and then recruits IL-18 receptor beta chain to form a high affinity complex. The high affinity complex recruits MyD88 and leads to IRAK/TRAF6 pathway activation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. IL-18 in combination with IL-12 shows a synergistic effect on IFNβ production. Without costimulation, IL-18 alone does not induce IFNβ production. IL-18 can induce IFNβ production from splenocytes, liver macrophage, T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. IL-18 also enhances the production of GM-CSF and IL-12. IL-18 enhances Th1 cell development by synergizing with IL-12 and promotes Th2 cell differentiation in the presence of TCR activation. IL-18 plays a major role in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. It has been implicated in many diseases such as eczema, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic syndromes, hemophagocytic syndrome, sepsis and acute kidney injury. Blocking of IL-18 activity has been an attractive therapeutic approach for autoimmune disease. It has been shown that neutralization of IL-18 has reduced both intestinal IFNβ and TNFα production and resulted in a dose dependent reduction in colitis severity in mice. IL-18 is also able to induce angiogenesis, migration, proliferation and immune escape, and has been associated with cancer. Several publications show that IL-18 gene polymorphism may be risk factors for several cancers.
Product Details Source Human IL-18, amino acids Tyr 37-Asp193 (Accession# NP-001553) was expressed in E. coli.
Molecular Mass The 157 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 18 kD. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrates at approximately 18 kD by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Tyr.
Purity >95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
Formulation 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in PBS with 5 mM DTT. Endotoxin Level Less than 0.01 ng/ per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
Concentration 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
Storage & Handling Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Activity The ED50 is 1.5 - 9 ng/ml, as determined by a dose-dependent induction of IFNγ secretion by KG-1 cell. Recommended Usage Bioassay
Application Notes BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
Antigen Details Structure Cytokine. Distribution The major sources of IL-18 are macrophage and dendritic cells. IL-18 precursor is constitutively expressed in endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and intestinal epithelial cells. It is also expressed by renal parenchymal cells (tubular epithelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells).
Function IL-18 is essential for both innate and adaptive immunity. IL-18 induces synthesis of TNF, IL-1, Fas ligand, and several inflammatory chemokines. VEGF-D increases the expression and the secretion of IL-18 from gastric cancer cell lines. IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) binds to mature IL-18 with high affinity and prevents its interaction with IL-18Ra. IL-1F7 is a negative regulator of IL-18. IL-18 mRNA is induced by stress and bacteria in adrenal cortex and mouse osteoblasts respectively.
Interaction CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, NK cells, splenocytes, smooth muscle cells.
Ligand/Receptor IL-18 receptor (heteromeric complex of alpha and beta subunits).
Biology Area Cell Biology, Immunology, Neuroinflammation, Neuroscience Molecular Family Cytokines/Chemokines