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        Overview on the Rule of Five

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        • Abstract
        • Table of Contents
        • Literature Cited

        Abstract

         

        In the mid? to late 1990s, because of the drug discovery paradigm shift from phenotypic screens to combinatorial chemistry and high?throughput screening, the physicochemical properties of exploratory drug molecules displayed a dramatic shift toward higher molecular weight and lipophilicity. In response, Lipinski and coworkers reported an analysis of compounds that successfully navigated Phase I and entered into Phase II clinical studies, and correlated the computed physicochemical properties of these molecules to their aqueous solubility, permeability, and oral bioavailability. In doing so, the authors created the ?Rule of Five,? a mnemonic tool for medicinal chemists to use to quickly assess compounds during the drug discovery and optimization process with respect to the compounds' likelihood to display good solubility and permeability profiles. This overview outlines the basis for the Rule of Five, the ways in which it has been applied, and its impact on drug discovery and development. Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol. 49:9.12.1?9.12.8. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

        Keywords: Rule of Five; computational alert; drug absorption; drug permeation; molecular weight; lipophilicity; H?bond donors and acceptors; aqueous solubility

             
         
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        Table of Contents

        • Introduction
        • Trends in Drug Discovery Leading to the Rule of Five
        • Methodology
        • Formulation of “The Rule of Five (Ro5)”
        • Exceptions, Variations, and Limitations to the Ro5
        • Implementation of the Ro5
        • Impact of the Ro5 on Molecular Weight and Lipophilicity Trends
        • Variations of the Ro5
        • Discussion and Summary
        • Acknowledgement
        • Literature Cited
        • Tables
             
         
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        Materials

         
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        Literature Cited

        Literature Cited
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