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        常用核酸和氨基酸代码

        互联网

        4719

        常用核酸和氨基酸代码



        Amino Acids Table

        Here is a list of the standard one-letter amino acid codes and their three-letter equivalents. The synonymous codons and their depiction in the IUB codes are shown. You should recognize that the codons following semicolons ( are not sufficiently specific to define a single amino acid even though they represent the best possible backtranslation into the IUB codes!




        Symbol 3-letter Code Amino-acid Codons
        A Ala Alanine GCT,GCC,GCA,GCG
        B Asp,Asn Aspartic, Asparagine GAT,GAC,AAT,AAC
        C Cys Cysteine TGT,TGC
        D Asp Aspartic GAT,GAC
        E Glu Glutamic GAA,GAG
        F Phe Phenylalanine TTT,TTC
        G Gly Glycine GGT,GGC,GGA,GGG
        H His Histidine CAT,CAC
        I Ile Isoleucine ATT,ATC,ATA
        K Lys Lysine AAA,AAG
        L Leu Leucine TTG,TTA,CTT,CTC,CTA,CTG
        M Met Methionine ATG
        N Asn Asparagine AAT,AAC
        P Pro Proline CCT,CCC,CCA,CCG
        Q Gln Glutamine CAA,CAG
        R Arg Arginine CGT,CGC,CGA,CGG,AGA,AGG
        S Ser Serine TCT,TCC,TCA,TCG,AGT,AGC
        T Thr Threonine ACT,ACC,ACA,ACG
        V Val Valine GTT,GTC,GTA,GTG
        W Trp Tryptophan TGG
        X Xxx Unknown
        Y Tyr Tyrosine TAT,TAC
        Z Glu,Gln Glutamic, Glutamine GAA,GAG,CAA,CAG
        ~undefined End Terminator TAA,TAG,TGA



        Standard Genetic Code

        U C A G
        U UUU Phe F
        UUC Phe F
        UUA Leu L
        UUG Leu L
        UCU Ser S
        UCC Ser S
        UCA Ser S
        UCG Ser S UAU Tyr Y
        UAC Tyr Y
        UAA Stop
        UAG Stop
        UGU Cys C
        UGC Cys C
        UGA Stop
        UGG Trp W

        C
        CUU Leu L
        CUC Leu L
        CUA Leu L
        CUG Leu L


        CCU Pro P
        CCC Pro P
        CCA Pro P
        CCG Pro P


        CAU His H
        CAC His H
        CAA Gln Q
        CAG Gln Q


        CGU Arg R
        CGC Arg R
        CGA Arg R
        CGG Arg R

        A
        AUU Ile I
        AUC Ile I
        AUA Ile I
        AUG Met M


        ACU Thr T
        ACC Thr T
        ACA Thr T
        ACG Thr T


        AAU Asn N
        AAC Asn N
        AAA Lys K
        AAG Lys K


        AGU Ser S
        AGC Ser S
        AGA Arg R
        AGG Arg R

        G
        GUU Val V
        GUC Val V
        GUA Val V
        GUG Val V


        GCU ALA A
        GCC ALA A
        GCA ALA A
        GCG ALA A


        GAU Asp D
        GAC Asp D
        GAA Glu E
        GAG Glu E


        GGU Gly G
        GGC Gly G
        GGA Gly G
        GGG Gly G





        Genome Size and DNA Content


        Genome Size
        (base pairs x 109) Coding DNA (%)
        Bacterium (E. coli) 0.004 100
        Yeast (Saccharomyces) 0.009 70
        Nematode (Caenorhabditis) 0.09 25
        Fruitfly (Drosophila) 0.18 33
        Newt (Triturus) 19.0 1.5 - 4.5
        Human 3.5 9 - 27
        Lungfish (Protopterus) 140.0 0.4 - 1.2
        Flowering plant (Arabidopsis) 0.2 31
        Flowering plant (Fritillaria) 130.0 0.02

        Cavalier-Smith, T. (ed.) The Evolution of Genome size (Wiley, Chichester, 1985).



        Nucleotides

        The meaning of each symbol (GCG files), its complement, and the Staden file equivalents are shown below.



        IUB/GCG Meaning Complement
        A A T
        C C G
        G G C
        T / U T A
        M A or C K
        R A or G Y
        W A or T W
        S C or G S
        Y C or T R
        K G or T M
        V A or C or G B
        H A or C or T D
        D A or G or T H
        B C or G or T V
        X / N G or A or T or C
        not G or A or T or C X

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