In Vitro Production of Enucleated Red Blood Cells from Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells that are present in bone marrow and umbilical cord blood are promising materials for in vitro production of red blood cells (RBCs). In particular, umbilical cord blood cells are likely to be readily available since they are generally discarded after parturition. Provided the mother of the neonate consents to the use of the umbilical cord blood, this material can provide a useful resource without any further complicating critical or ethical concerns. Here, we describe a method that does not require feeder cells but provides an efficient approach to the production of enucleated RBCs from the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood.