Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Entomopathogenic nematodes of the genera Steinernema and Hetero rhabditis (Nematoda: Rhabditida) have emerged as excellent insect biological control agents. This discipline of insect pathology has made enormous strides since Glaser’s discovery more than 60 yr ago of nematodes infesting white grubs (1 , 2 ). Recent advances in mass-production and formulation technology, and the discovery of numerous isolates/strains, together with the desirability of reducing pesticide usage, has resulted in a surge of scientific and commercial interest in these insect-killing nematodes (3 ) This has culminated in the commercial availability of many nematode products for use in several mediumand high-value markets (4 ). This chapter will briefly review nematode biology, mass production, formulation, quality, application strategy, and field efficacy.