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        Maintenance of the Plasmodium berghei Life Cycle

        互联网

        786
        Plasmodium berghei was probably first described in 1946 by Vincke in blood films of the stomach contents of Anopheles dureni. In 1948, it was subsequently found in blood films of Grammomys surdaster collected in Kisanga, Katanga; blood was passaged to white rats and became the K173 strain made widely available by the Institute for Tropical Medicine in Antwerp. A trio of fascinating papers describing the discovery and early analysis of the biology of P. berghei (1 -3 ) give an early indication of the natural and catholic host range of this parasite (Table 1 ), a property that possibly underlies the successful transmission of the parasite to a variety of laboratory hosts. Although the natural vector of P. berghei is A. dureni , early laboratory studies (3 ,4 ) showed that a wide range of colonized mosquitoes would successfully transmit the parasite (Table 2 ).
        Table 1  List of Natural and Laboratory Hosts of P. berghei

        Natural hosts

        Laboratory hosts

        Muridae

         

        Thamnomys surdaster

        Brown Norway rat (<4 wk)

        Praomys jacksoni

        White rat (<4 wk)

        Leggada belle

        Mouse

        Saccotomus campestris

        Thamnomys surdaster

        Mastomys coucha

        Grammamys rutilans

        �thomys sp.

        Ondatra zibethica (musk rat)

        Pelomys frater

        Hamster (good for gametocytes)

        Lophyromys aquilus

         

        Crocidura turba

         

        Sciuridae

         

        Unnamed

         

        Carnassieridae?

         

        Unnamed

         
        See refs. 1–3 .
        Table 2  Vectorial Capacity of Mosquitoes for P.berghei

        Vector

        Nonvector

        Anopheles dureni (1)

        Culex bitaeneorhynchus (1)

        A. stephensi (1) (var mysorensis)

        Aedes aegypti (1,2) a

        A. gambiae (1)

        Anopheles albimanus (1)

        A. atroparvus (1)

        A. aztecus (1)

        A. quadrumaculotus (1)

        A. concolor (1)

        A. maculipennis (2)

        A. coustani (1) var ziemanni

        A. albimanus (3)

        A. fluviatilis (1)

         

        A. funestus (1)

         

        A. hyrcanus (1)

         

        A. jamesi (1)

         

        A. pulcherrimus (1)

         

        A. splendidus (1)

         

        A. subpictus (1)

        a Produced oocysts (SP28 strain S. Keiberg) (see refs. 3 and 4 , and M.-C Rodriguez, personal communication).
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