细胞功能测定

Minor histocompatibility (H) antigens crucially affect the outcome of human leukocyte antigen-matched allogenic stem cell transplantation. The number of molecularly identified minor H antigens is rapidly increasing. In parallel, clinical implementation of minor H antige ...

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing is largely performed by use of PCR-based techniques in patients that require stem cell transplantation. In this chapter, HLA typing by sequencing-based typing techniques is described.

Genetic risk assessment in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplantation is one of the major goals to optimise future prophylaxis and treatment of patients: our group has focused on analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the intracytoplasmatic receptor N ...

An increasing number of gene polymorphisms of immune regulatory molecules are being associated with clinical performance following stem cell transplantation (SCT). These polymorphisms affect structural or regulatory changes on immune regulatory molecules including cy ...

Arsonoliposomes (ARSL) which are liposomes that contain arsonolipids in their membranes have shown interesting anticancer and antiparasitic activity in vitro. Their lipid composition (the specific arsonolipids and/or phospholipids used for their preparation, and the rel ...

Here, we report methods of preparation of liposome vaccine formulations for the entrapment of antigenic peptides and antigen encoding plasmid DNAs. Two examples of liposomal vaccine formulations producing highly effective immune responses are given. Firstly, a formulation with ...

Mannosylated liposomes appear to be a promising and potential carrier system for delivery of proteins, peptides, or nucleic acids. The present chapter describes novel mannosylated liposomes, which increase the intracellular targeting of immunogen to dendritic cells and macrop ...

A liposome mediated macrophage “suicide” approach has been developed, based on the liposome mediated internalization of the small hydrophilic molecule clodronate in macrophages J Leukoc Biol 62:702, 1997. This molecule has a very short half life when released in the circulation, but does ...

Highly concentrated phospholipid dispersions of vesicular morphology, Vesicular phospholipid Gels (VPGs) are of importance for sustained release of drugs upon implantation, or, upon transfer into SUV-dispersions, for drug delivery upon i.v. injection. Here the formation of ho ...

Shortly after the discovery of liposomes (J Mol Biol 13:238–252, 1965), Gregoriadis et al. (Lancet 1:1313–1316, 1974) suggested their use as drug delivery vesicles. Since then there have been many developments in liposomal composition, efficient drug encapsulation and retention, stab ...

Liposomal nanocarriers anchored with a cell-penetrating peptide and a pH-sensitive PEG-shield where later has ability to provide simultaneously better systemic circulation and site-specific exposure of cell penetrating peptide. PEG chains were incorporated into the lipo ...

We developed a strategy for covalent coupling of targeting proteins to liposomes decorated with a standard adapter protein. This strategy is based on “dock and lock” the interactions between two mutated fragments of human RNase I, a 1–15-aa fragment with the R4C amino acid substitution, (Cys- ...

Click chemistry represents a new bioconjugation strategy that can be used to conveniently attach various ligands to the surface of preformed liposomes. This efficient and chemoselective reaction involves a Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, which can be performed un ...

Targeted delivery systems for anticancer drugs are urgently needed to achieve maximum therapeutic efficacy by site-specific accumulation and thereby minimizing adverse effects resulting from systemic distribution of many potent anticancer drugs. We have prepared folate r ...

Among the several drug delivery systems, liposomes – phospholipid nanosized vesicles with a bilayered membrane structure – have drawn a lot of interest as advanced and versatile pharmaceutical carriers for both low and high molecular weight pharmaceuticals. At present, liposomal f ...

Pathological conditions such as hypoxia and inflammation can lead to the development of cell membrane-lesions. The presence of these membrane-lesions leads to egress of intracellular macromolecules as well as exposure of intracellular microenvironment to the extracellular ...

Efficacy of therapeutically active drugs known to act on intracellular targets can be enhanced by specific delivery to the site of action. Triphenylphosphonium cations can be used to create subcellular targeted liposomes that efficiently deliver drugs to mitochondria, thus enhan ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most widely used imaging modalities in contemporary medicine to obtain images of pathological areas. Still, there is a big effort to facilitate the accumulation of contrast in the required zone and further increase a local spatial concentration of a contr ...

Liposomal oligopeptides are one of the promising nanocarriers to deliver a drug, DNA or siRNA to target tissues. In this chapter, we describe our methodology to develop liposomal oligopeptides targeting to tumor angiogenic vessels. At first, we introduce our strategies to identify obje ...

In general, cellular internalization of macromolecular drugs encapsulated in liposomes proceeds via endocytosis. This potentially leads to degradation of the liposome-encapsulated macromolecular content within the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Therefore, b ...