数据库

Systems biology is a discipline seeking to understand the emergent behavior of a biological system by integrative modeling of the interactions of the molecular elements. The success of the approach relies on the quality of the biological data. In this chapter, we discuss how a systems biology l ...

Proteomics seeks the systematic and comprehensive understanding of all aspects of proteins, and location proteomics is the relatively new subfield of proteomics concerned with the location of proteins within cells. This review provides a guide to the widening selection of methods for ...

The architecture of living cells is difficult to describe and communicate; therefore, realistic computer models may help their understanding. 3D models should correspond both to qualitative and quantitative experimental data and therefore should include specific authoring ...

Here I describe how to use Ingeneue, a software tool for constructing, simulating, and exploring models of gene regulatory networks. Ingeneue is an open source, extensible Java application that allows users to rapidly build ordinary differential equation models of a gene regulatory net ...

Rule-based modeling involves the representation of molecules as structured objects and molecular interactions as rules for transforming the attributes of these objects. The approach is notable in that it allows one to systematically incorporate site-specific details about pr ...

We demonstrate how to model macromolecular regulatory networks with JigCell and the Parameter Estimation Toolkit (PET). These software tools are designed specifically to support the process typically used by systems biologists to model complex regulatory circuits. A detailed e ...

Flux balance analysis (FBA) is a computational method to analyze reconstructions of biochemical networks. FBA requires the formulation of a biochemical network in a precise mathematical framework called a stoichiometric matrix. An objective function is defined (e.g., growth rate) ...

Computational modeling and simulation of biochemical networks is at the core of systems biology and this includes many types of analyses that can aid understanding of how these systems work. COPASI is a generic software package for modeling and simulation of biochemical networks which pr ...

This essay provides an informal review of the modern systems-centric biological methodology for the practical researcher. The systems approach is defined, and a generic recipe for employing it in biomedical research is offered. General caveats are discussed that pertain to biologic ...

Amperometric detection is a sensitive and selective way to monitor separations in microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE). This review contains 78 references and will educate the reader of the issues that are involved with interfacing amperometric detection and microchip CE. Th ...

Conductivity detection as a versatile detection technique for chip-based electrophoretic separation methods is described and the basic principles are discussed. The necessary electronic equipment and technologies to implement the detection electrodes on a microchip are p ...

The use of two types of commercialized microfluidic chips for separation of double-stranded DNA(dsDNA), suitable for personal scale and high throughput use, is described. Compared with conventional approaches such as slab-gel and capillary electrophoresis (CE), these devices of ...

This chapter describes the use of two types of commercialized microfluidic chips for protein separation, suitable for personal scale and high-throughput use. Compared with conventional approaches, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-P ...

The development of analytical methodologies to elucidate mechanisms of peptide transport and metabolism is important for the understanding of disease states and the design of effective drug therapies. Interest in the use of microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE) devices for pe ...

Electrophoretic migration and electroosmotic flow (EOF) combine to determine the migration rate of charged compounds in capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microchip capillary electrophoresis (MCE). Uncontrolled and unmeasured changes in EOF will lead to irreproducible p ...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of DNA has become a very useful tool in scientific research and analytical laboratories, yet conventional techniques are time-consuming, and the reagents are expensive. Miniaturization of this technique has the potential to dr ...

There is significant variability among cells of the same type at the single cell level. This variability may be because of external stimuli that vary temporally or spatially among a population of cells. It may also be owing to the nonsynchronized responses of cells to various stimuli. In addition, d ...

Microfluidic devices are a unique enabling technology for chemical separations, modification, and synthesis that are ideally suited for the manipulation of low volume samples on the order of a few nanoliters in volume. Complex patterns of capillary-sized channels with zero dead volume ...

In chip-based electrophoretic analysis of biomolecules, chemical modification of the microchannel is widely employed to reduce or eliminate the analyte-wall interactions and alter electroosmotic flow (EOF) in the microchannel. Astable polyelectrolyte multilayer coat ...

Currently available microfluidic devices can accomplish a variety of tasks useful in molecular biology. When moving analytical processes to a microenvironment, the properties of the device surface play a larger role in the functioning of the device. Surface modification may become n ...