实验基础

MycDB 1s an integrated mycobacterial database. This means that it contains information on all aspects of mycobacteria, whether immunology, metabolism, or the researchers working on mycobacteria. For historical reasons, the starting point has been molecular biology, but other asp ...

Research extending over 50 years has implicated various components of the mycobacterial cell-wall matrix in many host responses associated with tuberculosis and other mycobacterioses (1). The observed responses originally included granuloma formation, high-titer IgG ant ...

Much work in the mycobacterial field has focused on the identification and characterization of antigenic proteins (1,2); many have now been identified and assigned a function; for example, the immunodommant 65kDa antigen of Mycobacterzum tuberculosis has been identified as a chaper ...

Genetic characterization of mycobacteria has advanced considerably in the last decade. The identificatlon of putative virulence genes and their products has prompted investlgation of how expression of these factors is controlled during infection. Regulation of virulence de ...

The introduction of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was a major breakthrough in the field of genome research (1), allowing the analysis of whole procaryotic and eucaryotic chromosomes. This became possible by a combination of new techniques for the extraction of intact chromoso ...

Characterization of recombinant mycobacterial genes has been complicated by the lack of a rapid and efficient method to prepare plasmid and cosmid DNA directly from mycobacteria. Traditionally, plasmids and cosmids had to be recovered from mycobacteria and propagated in Escheric ...

The Mycobacterium genus is comprised of over 30 mdivldual species with a large majority being saphrophytes. However, research on these bacteria has focused primarily on the pathogens Mycobacterium bow, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium leprae, and opportunistic ...

Prior to this decade, routine antibiotic-susceptibility testing (AST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates was not advocated (1) This policy was predicated on the following assumptions: 1. The prevalence ofantibiotic resistance is low,

The discovery of polymorphic, repetitive DNA in the Mycobacterzum tuberculosis complex has led to many methods for differentiating clinical isolates belonging to this spectes of pathogenic bacteria. The most widely used method 1s restriction fragment-length polymorphism (R ...

Although a tumor cell can be distinguished from its normal counterpart by a wide range of phenotypic alterations, only a few of these properties provide useful indicators of malignant transformation. These include changes in cellular morphology, decreased dependence on serum growth ...

Retroviral vectors for polyomavirus tumor antigens, including SV40 large and small tumor antigens (SVT), have been extensively utilized to study the function of these proteins in a wide range of cell types. Properties of retroviruses that make them particularly efficient vectors incl ...

Murine preadipocyte cell lines represent a convenient and informative model system for determining whether the mechanisms underlying oncogene-induced neoplastic transformation and the suppression of terminal differentiation are related. Preadipocytes transfor ...

p53 was discovered because of its capacity to bind to SV40 large T antigen (SVLT) in transformed cell lines (1,2). It is a phosphorylated, 393 amino acid protein, with five blocks of sequences that are highly conserved throughout evolution. Early research showed that p53 could act as a dominant oncog ...

Normal cells in culture divide a defined number of times before reaching replicative senescence (1). The number of divisions that cells can undergo varies with the species of animal and tissue from which the cells are derived. Cells that have exceeded their typical number of divisions are said to h ...

Simian virus 40 large-tumor antigen (SVLT) is a largely nuclear oncogene product (1,2). Evidence from a number of laboratories has indicated that the interaction between cellular nuclear antioncogenes, such as the retinoblastomasusceptibility gene product family (Rb) and p53, med ...

SV40 large T antigen (T-ag) is an oncoprotein that induces transformation of cells through the binding and inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor protein and the retinoblastoma family of proteins. This chapter focuses on the interaction of T-ag with the product of the retinoblastoma susc ...

Simian virus 40 small t antigen (st) is encoded on a differentially spliced transcript of the SV40 early region. It shares its aminoterminal 82 amino acids with the large T antigen and contains a unique cysteine-rich carboxyterminal half. Small t mutant viruses were obtained originally as dele ...

Simian virus 40 (SV40) infects monkeys and persists in the latent form in the kidneys of this natural host. However, in nonpermissive hosts, such as rodents, the virus induces neoplasia and the outcome is controlled by the immune response of the host (1,2). Virus-neutralizing antibodies are resp ...

Simian virus 40 (SV40) is routinely propagated in established kidney cell lines derived from the African green monkey (1). Generally, one of two cell lines, BSC-1 or CV1, are used for this purpose (2,3). Both of these cell lines are easy to maintain in culture and can be readily frozen and recovered from frozen ...

Several recent investigations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection methods have identified SV40-like DNA sequences in human neoplasms, particularly choroid plexus tumors (1), ependymomas (1), mesotheliomas (2), and osteosarcomas (3,4). Difficulties have arisen ...