抗体抗原实验

In 2006, panitumumab, the first fully human antibody generated from transgenic mice, was approved for clinical use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Since then, a further seven such antibodies have been approved. In this chapter, we discuss how transgenic mice technologies can prov ...

Mice are widely available laboratory animals that can easily be used for the production of antibodies against a broad range of antigens, using well-defined immunization protocols. Such an approach allows optimal in vivo affinity maturation of the humoral response. In addition, high-af ...

The following section is related to IP issues in the therapeutic Antibody industry. A rough overview over protected enabling techniques and compounds is provided, in order to facilitate the entry into freedom to operate studies. Furthermore, some general information about specific is ...

Antibodies are emerging as a new drug class with many of these approved and marketed. Antibodies may be non-human, chimeric, humanized or fully human. All these have the potential to elicit an immune response in the host which may impact on safety and efficacy. Therefore, assessment of immunogeni ...

Non-invasive, molecular imaging of malignancies using radiolabeled antibodies as tracers is an emerging field that can offer information on staging and response to therapy. Protein engineering approaches enable fully human antibodies to be generated against any novel target and ...

Identification and development of new monoclonal antibodies and other biological molecules such ad Fab fragments, diabodies and peptides is a key focus of many biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies and academic research department in several therapeutic areas, includi ...

The generation of recombinant antibodies by phage display in high-throughput demands fast downstream technologies and streamlined processes for the identification and initial characterisation of individual binders. Next to standard immunological methods such as enzym ...

In recent years, antibody microarrays have developed into an important tool for proteomics. As a multiplexing technique, they facilitate the highly parallel detection of hundreds of different analytes from very small sample volumes of only a few microlitres. This is combined with high se ...

Hybrid sub-micrometer particles are of great interest and have been extensively applied to tailor the catalytic, electrical, optical, magnetic, mechanical or thermal properties of the material. Especially their application in the field of diagnostics and drug delivery systems is a r ...

In this chapter, we describe the generation of immunoliposomes by means of two different methods applying different scFv formats. The cloning strategies of these scFv variants possessing an additional cysteine residue for site-directted coupling are also presented in this chapter. ...

Single chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragments fused to the human immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc moiety obtain IgG-like properties, but nevertheless they are still encoded by a single gene. As transient production of scFv-Fc proteins in mammalians can easily achieve milligram amounts, this antibo ...

Plants are attractive systems for the expression of full-length antibodies and also for antibody derivatives such as scFvs, diabodies, camelid VHH and minibodies. For ‘Molecular Pharming’ ER retention of antibody fragments has been turned out to be the method of choice for production in le ...

The pubmed search term “pastoris AND (express OR produced OR expression OR production)” yielded 877 hits in December 2008, dated from 1987 to 2009. At the same time, the search term “pastoris AND (bioreactor OR fed-batch OR continuous OR fermentations OR large-scale OR fermentation OR pilot)” re ...

Today, recombinant protein expression in E. coli is usually considered a routine technology. Nonetheless, problems with soluble expression, rooted in protein aggregation competing with folding, are still frequently encountered. Many antibody fragments from natural sources ...

Antibodies are an important and growing family of approved therapeutic drugs. Antibody fragments of various types as well as more traditional monoclonal antibodies can be produced using E. coli as the production host. This chapter provides protocols for producing antibody fragments ...

The Strep-tag is a nine-residue minimal peptide sequence with intrinsic affinity towards streptavidin. This peptide – or its improved version Strep-tag II – can be fused to recombinant antibody fragments and other proteins in various fashions. The fact that the interaction between the St ...

Today, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) form the largest category of biopharmaceuticals in clinical trials and their number is expanding rapidly (DataMonitor 2007). The antibodies or functional antibody fragments are being produced in artificial production systems like mammal ...

For many applications antibody fragments like scFv or Fab are an alternative to full size IgGs. These fragments can be produced in bacterial host systems, which are less time and cost intensive than mammalian cell culture, the production host for more complex IgGs. The Gram-negative bacterium ...

Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) has become a widely used method for the affinity purification of recombinant proteins and, in particular, of antibody fragments produced in Escherichia coli. IDA-Sepharose and NTA-agarose charged with different divalent cati ...

The generation of antibody fusion proteins for target-directed delivery of cytokines constitutes a promising immunotherapeutic approach. The fusion of recombinant antibodies to members of the TNF-family that differ clearly in their soluble and membrane-bound forms for their r ...