遗传学实验技术

Genetic modification of mouse embryonic stem cells is a powerful method to study gene function in whole animal models. The ability to re-design genes in mouse to reproduce genetic defects found in human patients gives researchers a wide open arena for biomedical research. Successful manip ...

A new mouse cloning method using nuclear injection with a piezo impact drive unit can aid in the bypass of several steps of the original cell fusion procedure. This approach has made it possible to create not only live cloned mice, but also ES cell lines from adult somatic cells via nuclear transfer. It is imp ...

Embryonic stem (ES) cells have been routinely used to create loss-of-function mutations or gene replacement by homologous recombination in mice, providing an invaluable tool to address fundamental biological questions. Although mouse ES cells have been available for the past 29 yea ...

Chromatin immunoprecipitation on microarrays, also known as ChIP-chip, is a popular technique for genome-wide localization of DNA-binding proteins. However, the high density (several million genomic sequences for small eukaryote genomes) and the high noise-to-signal ratio of m ...

The ability to determine genome-wide location of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) is crucial for elucidating gene regulatory networks in human cells during normal development and disease such as tumorigenesis. To achieve this goal, we developed a method called serial analy ...

Our understanding of epigenetics has been transformed in recent years by the advance of technological possibilities based primarily on a powerful tool, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). However, in many cases, the detection of epigenetic changes requires methods providi ...

The development of chromatin imsmunoprecipitation methods coupled with DNA microarray (ChIP-chip) technology has enabled genome-wide identification of cis-DNA regulatory elements to which transcription factors bind. Nonetheless, the ChIP-chip technology requires ...

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is arguably the assay of choice to determine the genomic localization of DNA- or chromatin-binding proteins, including post-translationally modified histones, in cells. The increasing importance of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, as a model or ...

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a technique of choice for studying protein–DNA interactions. ChIP has been used for mapping the location of modified histones on DNA, often in relation to transcription or differentiation. Conventional ChIP protocols, however, require la ...

The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP assay) has greatly facilitated the recent, dramatic expansion of our knowledge of the protein–DNA interactions involved in regulating gene expression, DNA repair, and cell division. The power of the assay is that it gives a researcher the ab ...

We present here the very robust characterization and quality control (QC) process that we have established for our polyclonal antibodies, which are mainly directed against targets relevant to the epigenetics field such as modified histones, modifying enzymes, and chromatin-inte ...

DNA methylation contributes to the regulation of long-term gene repression by enabling the recruitment of transcriptional repressor complexes to methylated cytosines. Several methods for detecting DNA methylation at the gene-specific and genome-wide levels have been devel ...

Biochemical methods to analyze co-transcriptional recruitment of co-activators to nascent RNA molecules have lagged behind for many years. Most of the information on co-transcriptional regulation of nascent RNA came from invaluable in situ studies using single-cell model syst ...

Spatial organization of chromatin plays an important role at multiple levels of genome regulation. On a global scale, its function is evident in processes like metaphase and chromosome segregation. On a detailed level, long-range interactions between regulatory elements and promo ...

Chromosome conformation capture (3C) methodology was developed to study spatial organization of long genomic regions in living cells. Briefly, chromatin is fixed with formaldehyde in vivo to cross-link interacting sites, digested with a restriction enzyme and ligated at a low DNA con ...

Gene expression is a dynamic process and is tightly connected to changes in chromatin structure and nuclear organization (Schneider, R. and Grosschedl, R., 2007, Genes Dev. 21, 3027–3043; Kosak, S. T. and Groudine, M., 2004, Genes Dev. 18, 1371–1384). Our ability to understand the intimate interactio ...

The simultaneous genotyping of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a genome using SNP-Arrays is a very important tool that is revolutionizing genetics and molecular biology. We expanded the utility of this technique by using it following chromatin immunoprecip ...

The biological significance of interactions of nuclear proteins with DNA in the context of gene expression, cell differentiation, or disease has immensely been enhanced by the advent of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). ChIP is a technique whereby a protein of interest is selecti ...

The development of array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) techniques has allowed to characterize more precisely several human neoplasms with the aim of providing prognostic markers and targets for directed therapeutic intervention. Recently, several studies app ...

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is the neoplasm caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). We performed oligoarray comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) against paired samples comprising peripheral blood (PB) and lymph node (LN) samples from patients with acute ...