Pelargonidin (chloride)

一种具有多种生物活性的花青素类化合物；在无细胞实验中清除超氧阴离子（IC50=130µg/ml）；抑制过氧化氢诱导的大鼠脑匀浆中的脂质过氧化（IC50=85µM）；在对乙酰氨基酚诱导的肝毒性小鼠模型中，以3mg/kg剂量降低血清ALT和AST水平、肝细胞凋亡以及肝内IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和TGF-β水平；在LPS诱导的内毒素血症小鼠模型中提高存活率并减少肺纤维化和白细胞浸润；在盲肠结扎穿刺诱导的脓毒症小鼠模型中（剂量为0.04-0.4mg/kg），降低血清NO、TNF-α和IL-6水平，增加肾脏MPO、SOD和CAT活性，同时提高存活率；在Aβ(25-35)诱导的阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型中，缩短莫里斯水迷宫逃逸潜伏期，降低海马MDA水平，增加海马AChE活性。An anthocyanidin with diverse biological activities; scavenges superoxide anions in cell-free assays (IC50 = 130 µg/ml); inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates (IC50 = 85 µM); reduces serum levels of ALT and AST, hepatocyte apoptosis, and hepatic levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β in a mouse model of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity at 3 mg/kg; increases survival and reduces pulmonary fibrosis and leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of LPS-induced endotoxemia; reduces serum levels of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 and increases renal MPO, SOD, and CAT activities, as well as increases survival, in a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis from 0.04-0.4 mg/kg; decreases escape latency in the Morris water maze, reduces hippocampal MDA levels, and increases hippocampal AChE activity in a rat model of Aβ (25-35)-induced Alzheimer's disease.