Ginsenoside Rg1

一种具有多种生物活性的类固醇糖苷；在10、20和40mg/kg剂量下，可降低STZ诱发的糖尿病小鼠模型中的血糖、IL-1β和IL-18水平，增加胰岛素分泌，并抑制肝脏和胰腺中NLRP3炎症小体的激活；在单次长时间应激诱发的PTSD小鼠模型中，促进恐惧消退并减少尾部悬吊和强迫游泳测试中的不动时间；在乙醇诱发的肝炎小鼠模型中，降低肝脏ALT和AST水平并减轻肝脏脂肪变性；在Aβ(25-35)诱发的阿尔茨海默病树鼩模型中，减少大肠中拟杆菌的丰度、皮质神经元凋亡和Morris水迷宫平台的潜伏期。A steroid glycoside with diverse biological activities; decreases blood glucose, IL-1β, and IL-18 levels, increases insulin secretion, and inhibits hepatic and pancreatic activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in a mouse model of STZ-induced diabetes at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg; facilitates fear extinction and decreases immobility time in the tail-suspension and forced swim tests in a mouse model of single-prolonged stress-induced PTSD; decreases hepatic ALT and AST levels and attenuates hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of ethanol-induced hepatitis; decreases the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the large intestine, cortical neuron apoptosis, and latency to the platform in the Morris water maze in a tree shrew model of Aβ (25-35)-induced Alzheimer's disease.