In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions (By similarity). Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. .
Sequence Similarities
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4;MAD homolog 4;Mothers against DPP homolog 4;Deletion target in pancreatic carcinoma 4;SMAD family member 4;SMAD 4;Smad4;hSMAD4;SMAD4;DPC4, MADH4;
Common mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) superfamily; SMAD4 is the common SMAD (co-SMAD). Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor。Mutations or deletions in this gene have been shown to result in pancreatic cancer, juvenile polyposis syndrome, and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome.
[list_product_images]SMAD4(BM1397)(MW:65KD)HepG2细胞裂解,免疫印迹分析。|Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded lung cancer tissues using SMAD4 mouse mAb with DAB staining.|Flow cytometric analysis of K562 cells using SMAD4 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (purple).[/list_product_images]