In Vitro: TAPI-1 (1 μM for 30 min) increases cell viability in LPS-treated HK-2 cells. ?TAPI-1 attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines ?LPS treatment significantly induces renal IL-6 and TNFα mRNA expression, while these changes is attenuated with TAPI-1 pretreatment in LPS-treated HK-2 cells.