Human HDL ELISA Kit is designed for detection of HDL in plasma, serum, milk, and cell culture supernatant. This assay employs a quantitative competitive enzyme immunoassay technique that measures HDL in less than 3 hours. A polyclonal antibody specific for HDL has been pre-coated onto a 96-well microplate with removable strips. HDL in standards and samples is competed with a biotinylated HDL sandwiched by the immobilized antibody and streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate. All unbound material is then washed away and a peroxidase enzyme substrate is added. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.
Human high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the smallest and the densest of the discoidal and spherical lipoprotein particles. When fractionated by ultracentrifugation, HDL is separated into two major sub-fractions HDL2 (d 1.063 1.125 g/ml) and HDL3 (d 1.125 1.21 g/ml) (1 - 2). It contains 70 of apolipoprotein A-I, 20 of apolipoprotein A-II, phospholipids, and free cholesterol. HDL delivers cholesterol to liver cells which then secrete bile acids and cholesterol for excretion or re-utilization (3). HDL plays important anti-atherogenic roles, including cellular cholesterol efflux capacity, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, vasodilatory, antithrombotic, and anti-infectious activities (4). Low plasma HDL cholesterol is an independent risk factor for the development of premature atherosclerosis. A rare form ofgenetic HDL deficiency is Tangier disease which is associated with mutations in the ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 gene (5).