Probenecid 是一种有效的选择性瞬时受体电位香草酸受

Probenecid is a potent and selective agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channels. Probenecid also inhibits pannexin 1 channels.

TRPV2^[1]

Probenecid efficiently inhibits ATP-dependent active vesicular N-ethylmaleimide glutathione (NEM-GS) uptake by both MRP1 and MRP2. A significant inhibition of the MRP1-ATPase is observed at higher organic anion concentrations. In contrast, the ATPase activity of MRP2 is strongly stimulated by both Probenecid (approximate K_ACT=250 μM), sulfinpyrazone (K_ACT=300 μM), and indomethacin (K_ACT=150 μM), and ATPase activation is even stronger than in the case of NEM-GS. The organic anion activation of the MRP2-ATPase followed bell-shaped curves, with maximum values obtained at about 2 mM for Probenecid, 800 μM for sulfinpyrazone, and 400 μM for indomethacin^[2]. Probenecid is an inhibitor of the hTAS2R16, hTAS2R38, and hTAS2R43 bitter taste receptors. Probenecid acts on a subset of TAS2Rs and inhibits through a novel, allosteric mechanism of action. Probenecid is also commonly used to enhance cellular signals in GPCR calcium mobilization assays. Probenecid specifically inhibits the cellular response mediated by the bitter taste receptor hTAS2R16 and provide molecular and pharmacological evidence for direct interaction with this GPCR using a non-competitive (allosteric) mechanism^[3].

Administration of Probenecid to WT mice results in increased contractility as measured via ejection fraction (EF) relative to EF in control mice given saline. The increased contractility is noted within 5 minutes of the bolus injection with all doses at or above 75 mg/kg (peak change of 5.26±3.35, 8.40±2.80, 7.32±2.52 for 75mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, respectively). The measured change in contractility as measured at 5 minute intervals (for 30 minutes total) revealed a dose dependent increase in contractility with an estimated EC₅₀ of 49.33 mg/kg. The EF remained at an elevated state for at least 1 hour on subjects (n=5, dose of 200 mg/kg IV) that are evaluated for a longer period of time (average increase in EF over baseline of 8.9±2.57)^[1].

285.36

C₁₃H₁₉NO₄S

57-66-9

丙磺舒；丙璜舒；羧苯磺胺

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (350.43 mM)

0.5 M NaOH : 100 mg/mL (350.43 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 12 with NaOH)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

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储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
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• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% saline

  Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (8.76 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 90% corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.76 mM); Clear solution

• [1]. Koch SE, et al. Probenecid: novel use as a non-injurious positive inotrope acting via cardiac TRPV2 stimulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2012 Jul;53(1):134-44. [Content Brief]

  [2]. Bakos E, et al. Interactions of the human multidrug resistance proteins MRP1 and MRP2 with organic anions. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;57(4):760-8. [Content Brief]

  [3]. Greene TA, et al. Probenecid inhibits the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 and suppresses bitter perception of salicin. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e20123. [Content Brief]

  [4]. Silverman W, et al. Probenecid, a gout remedy, inhibits pannexin 1 channels. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2008 Sep;295(3):C761-7. [Content Brief]