In Vitro: DPN has a 70-fold ERα relative binding affinity selectivity, and it is a full ERα agonist with a 78-fold ERα potency selectivity (EC50=0.85 nM for ERβ; EC50=66 nM for ERα). ?DPN (10 nM) prevents morphological alterations from Aβ1-42 (10 μM)-induced toxicity in cultured cortical neurons. ?DPN (0.1-100 nM) decreases ROS levels in a non-dose response manner. ?DPN (0.1-100 nM) significantly reduces Aβ1-42-stimulated expression of Bax in a non-dose dependent manner. ?DPN (0.1-100 nM) reduces activated IL-1 levels induced by Aβ1-42 treatment on cultured cortical neurons. ?DPN (0.1-100 nM) suppresses the Aβ1-42-upregulated phosphorylation of JNK and p38.
In Vivo: DPN (10 μg; s.c.; daily; for 11 days) increases swimming and decreases immobility in the FST, and increases TPH protein expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) in rat model.