Anti-CaVα2δ4 (extracellular)

Anti-Ca_Vα2δ4 (extracellular)

Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4
Cat #: ACC-104
Sizes: 50 µl, 0.2 ml
Source: Rabbit
Type: Polyclonal
Applications: IC, IH, LCI, WB
May also work in: IFC, IP
Reactivity: M, R

Application key:

CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, IC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IH- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot

Species reactivity key:

H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat
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Anti-Ca_Vα2δ4 (extracellular) (#ACC-104) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the mouse protein. The antibody can be used in western blot, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry applications. It is specially suited to detect Ca_Vα2δ4 in living cells. It has been designed to recognize Ca_Vα2δ4 from rat and mouse samples.

For a list of product citations in the literature, see product citations tab below. If you know of additional relevant citations for this product, please let us know.

• Applications
• Specifications
• Scientific Background
• Citations
• Related Products

Western blot

Western blot analysis of rat DRG (lanes 1 and 3) and PC12 cells (lanes 2 and 4):
1-2. Anti-Ca_vα2δ4 (extracellular) antibody (#ACC-104), (1:200).
3-4. Anti-Ca_vα2δ4 (extracellular) antibody preincubated with the control antigen.
Live cell imaging / Immunocytochemistry
Rat brain glioma (1:50). See immunocytochemistry.
Immunohistochemistry

Expression of Ca_vα2δ4 in rat DRG
Immunohistochemical staining of rat DRG frozen section using Anti-Ca_vα2δ4 (extracellular) antibody (#ACC-104), (1:100). A. Ca_vα2δ4 is expressed in DRG neurons. B. Nuclear staining using Hoechst 33342 as the counterstain. C. Merged images of A and B.
Immunocytochemistry

Expression of Ca_vα2δ4 in rat C6 cells
Immunocytochemical staining of intact living rat brain glioma (C6) cells. A. Extracellular staining of cells with Anti-Ca_vα2δ4 (extracellular) antibody (#ACC-104), (1:50) followed by goat anti-rabbit-AlexaFluor-594 secondary antibody (red). B. Nuclear staining of cells using the cell-permeable dye Hoechst 33342 (blue). C. Merged images of A and B.
Immunogen
Peptide (C)SERPQEMGRLLGEADG, corresponding to amino acid residues 881-896 of mouse Ca_vα2δ4 (Accession Q5RJF7). Extracellular.

Homology

Rat - 15/16 amino acid residues identical.
Human - not recommended for use with human samples.

PurityAffinity purified on immobilized antigen.
FormulationLyophilized powder. Reconstituted antibody contains phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 1% BSA, 0.05% NaN₃.
Standard quality control of each lotWestern blot analysis.
Peptide confirmationConfirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
Storage before reconstitutionThe antibody ships as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon arrival, it should be stored at -20°C.
Reconstitution50 µl or 0.2 ml double distilled water (DDW), depending on the sample size.
Antibody concentration after reconstitution0.8 mg/ml.
Storage after reconstitutionThe reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods, small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. Avoid multiple freezing and thawing. Centrifuge all antibody preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).
Control antigen storage before reconstitutionLyophilized powder can be stored intact at room temperature for 2 weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.
Control antigen reconstitution100 µl double distilled water (DDW).
Control antigen storage after reconstitution-20ºC.
Preadsorption Control1 µg peptide per 1 µg antibody.
Scientific background

Voltage-gated Ca²⁺ (Ca_V) channels are ubiquitously expressed and function as Ca²⁺ conducting pores in the plasma membrane¹. Based on their electrophysiological and pharmacological properties, Ca²⁺ channels have traditionally been classified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R types². L-type calcium channels are heteromultimers composed of four independently encoded proteins, the pore-forming α1 subunit, which triggers Ca²⁺ flow across the membrane, and the auxiliary subunits α2δ, γ, and β³. The Ca²⁺ channel α2δ subunit is a heavily glycosylated protein that is encoded by a single gene and post-translationally cleaved to yield α2 and δ subunits linked by a disulfide bond with a single transmembrane segment⁴.

The α2δ subunit regulates many functional aspects of Ca²⁺ channels, such as gating, regulating voltage dependent kinetics, and increasing functional channel density on the plasma membrane⁵.  There are four proteins that comprise Ca_Vα2δ: Ca_Vα2δ1, Ca_Vα2δ2, Ca_Vα2δ3 and Ca_Vα2δ4⁶. Ca_Vα2δ4 participates in the regulation of membrane expression of Ca_V channels. It is predominantly expressed in certain types of endocrine cells. It is also detected in the erythroblasts in the fetal liver, in the cells of the zona reticularis of the adrenal gland and in the basophiles of the pituitary⁷. Defects in Ca_Vα2δ4 are the cause of retinal cone dystrophy 4 (RCD4). RCD4 is characterized by minimal symptoms except for slowly progressive reduction in visual acuity⁸.

References

1. Catterall, W.A. (2000) Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol. 16, 521.
2. Qin, N. et al. (2002) Mol. Pharmacol. 62, 485.
3. De Jongh, K.S. et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 14738.
4. Sipos, I. et al. (2000) Pflug. Arch. 439, 691.
5. Dolphin, A.C. (2009) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 19, 237.
6. Cooper C.L. et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 509.
7. Wycisk, K.A. et al. (2006) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 47, 3523.