Anti-Na,K-ATPase α1 / ATP1A1 R

​Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase α1, encoded by the ATP1A1 gene, is the catalytic subunit of the sodium-potassium pump, an essential membrane-bound enzyme found in nearly all animal cells. This enzyme maintains the electrochemical gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane by actively transporting three Na⁺ ions out of and two K⁺ ions into the cell, utilizing energy from ATP hydrolysis. These ion gradients are crucial for various physiological processes, including osmoregulation, nutrient transport, and the electrical excitability of nerve and muscle cells. Beyond its classic role in ion transport, ATP1A1 also participates in signal transduction pathways and has been implicated in pathophysiological conditions such as hypertension and certain cancers.